U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination
    • Showing Current items.

    Glul glutamate-ammonia ligase [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 14645, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    Glulprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    glutamate-ammonia ligaseprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:95739
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000026473 AllianceGenome:MGI:95739
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    GS; Glns
    Summary
    Predicted to enable several functions, including anion binding activity; dynein light chain binding activity; and metal ion binding activity. Involved in regulation of endothelial cell migration and regulation of sprouting angiogenesis. Acts upstream of or within cellular response to starvation and response to glucose. Located in cell body; cytoplasm; and glial cell projection. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; central nervous system; respiratory system; sensory organ; and urinary system. Used to study temporal lobe epilepsy. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Alzheimer's disease; Huntington's disease; and temporal lobe epilepsy. Orthologous to human GLUL (glutamate-ammonia ligase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    Expression
    Broad expression in genital fat pad adult (RPKM 555.7), frontal lobe adult (RPKM 388.8) and 24 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See Glul in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    1 G3; 1 65.43 cM
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 1 NC_000067.7 (153775692..153785469)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 1 NC_000067.6 (153899929..153909723)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_000067.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_02708 Neighboring gene transmembrane epididymal protein 1B Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_02709 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E1568 Neighboring gene transmembrane epididymal protein 1A Neighboring gene microRNA 8114 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 30327 Neighboring gene RIKEN cDNA A830008E24 gene Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_02710 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 46165 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 25336

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Variation

    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ATP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables ATP binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables dynein light chain binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables glutamate binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables glutamine synthetase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables glutamine synthetase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables glutamine synthetase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables identical protein binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables identical protein binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables magnesium ion binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables manganese ion binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables metal ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables nickel cation binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables protein-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in ammonia assimilation cycle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in angiogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cell population proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cell population proliferation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to starvation IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in glutamate metabolic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in glutamine biosynthetic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in glutamine biosynthetic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in glutamine biosynthetic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in protein palmitoylation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in protein palmitoylation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of endothelial cell migration IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of endothelial cell migration ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of protein localization to nucleolus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of protein localization to nucleolus ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of sprouting angiogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of sprouting angiogenesis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to glucose IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in ribosome biogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in ribosome biogenesis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in axon terminus ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in cell body IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in cell projection ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in cytosol ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in cytosol ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in glial cell projection IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in mitochondrion HDA PubMed 
    located_in mitochondrion ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in myelin sheath HDA PubMed 
    located_in myelin sheath ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in perikaryon ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in plasma membrane ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in plasma membrane ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    part_of protein-containing complex ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    glutamine synthetase
    Names
    glutamate decarboxylase
    glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthase)
    glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthetase)
    palmitoyltransferase GLUL
    NP_032157.2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_008131.5NP_032157.2  glutamine synthetase

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_032157.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC099702
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS15381.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P15105, Q3TRK7, Q64432, Q91VC6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      V9GZG5
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000083375.6, ENSMUST00000086199.12
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      PLN02284
      Location:22362
      PLN02284; glutamine synthetase
      pfam00120
      Location:114356
      Gln-synt_C; Glutamine synthetase, catalytic domain
      pfam03951
      Location:30104
      Gln-synt_N; Glutamine synthetase, beta-Grasp domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000067.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      153775692..153785469
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)