U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

PTGES prostaglandin E synthase [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 9536, updated on 17-Sep-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
PTGESprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
prostaglandin E synthaseprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9599
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000148344 MIM:605172; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9599
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
PGES; MPGES; PIG12; PP102; PP1294; MGST-IV; MGST1L1; TP53I12; mPGES-1; MGST1-L1
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a glutathione-dependent prostaglandin E synthase. The expression of this gene has been shown to be induced by proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1 beta (IL1B). Its expression can also be induced by tumor suppressor protein TP53, and may be involved in TP53 induced apoptosis. Knockout studies in mice suggest that this gene may contribute to the pathogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis and mediate acute pain during inflammatory responses. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Biased expression in placenta (RPKM 28.7), urinary bladder (RPKM 13.8) and 12 other tissues See more
Orthologs
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

See PTGES in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
9q34.11
Exon count:
3
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 9 NC_000009.12 (129738349..129753042, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 9 NC_060933.1 (141942947..141957638, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 9 NC_000009.11 (132500628..132515321, complement)

Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene paired related homeobox 2 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:132474701-132475516 Neighboring gene PRRX2 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:132486991-132487490 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902284 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr9:132489030-132489223 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29119 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:132504976-132505476 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:132537345-132537911 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:132539303-132539818 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:132543973-132544473 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29120 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 3625 Neighboring gene UBE2V1 pseudogene 4 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20388 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20389 Neighboring gene torsin family 1 member B

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env A synthetic peptide corresponding to the immunosuppressive domain (amino acids 574-592) of HIV-1 gp41 upregulates the expression of prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES) in peptide-treated PBMCs PubMed
capsid gag Immunosuppressive peptides corresponding to HIV-1 Capsid amino acids 218-238 upregulate prostaglandin E2 production and induce IL-10 secretion PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Clone Names

  • MGC10317

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables glutathione binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables glutathione peroxidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables glutathione transferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables prostaglandin-D synthase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables prostaglandin-E synthase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables prostaglandin-E synthase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in cell population proliferation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cellular oxidant detoxification IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of cell population proliferation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in prostaglandin biosynthetic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in prostaglandin biosynthetic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in prostaglandin biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in prostaglandin metabolic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of fever generation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of inflammatory response ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in sensory perception of pain ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in signal transduction NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
is_active_in membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in nuclear envelope lumen IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 

General protein information

Preferred Names
prostaglandin E synthase
Names
MGST1-like 1
glutathione S-transferase 1-like 1
glutathione peroxidase PTGES
glutathione transferase PTGES
microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1-like 1
microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1
p53-induced apoptosis protein 12
p53-induced gene 12 protein
tumor protein p53 inducible protein 12
NP_004869.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_004878.5NP_004869.1  prostaglandin E synthase

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004869.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AL590369, BC008280
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS6927.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O14684, O14900, Q5SZC0
    Related
    ENSP00000342385.4, ENST00000340607.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam01124
    Location:16146
    MAPEG; MAPEG family

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000009.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    129738349..129753042 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060933.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    141942947..141957638 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_198797.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_198797.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.