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caiA crotonobetainyl-CoA reductase [ Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 ]

Gene ID: 949064, updated on 6-Jul-2026
Official Symbol
caiA
Official Full Name
crotonobetainyl-CoA reductase
Primary source
ECOCYC:EG11560
Locus tag
b0039
See related
ASAP:ABE-0000139
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (strain: K-12, substrain: MG1655)
Lineage
Bacteria; Pseudomonadati; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia
Also known as
ECK0040; yaaO
Summary
Crotonobetaine reductase catalyzes the final reaction in the metabolization of L-carnitine. [More information is available at EcoCyc: EG11560].
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Sequence:
NC_000913.3 (39244..40386, complement)

NC_000913.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene carnitine--CoA ligase Neighboring gene gamma-butyrobetainyl-CoA:carnitine CoA transferase Neighboring gene L-carnitine:gamma-butyrobetaine antiporter Neighboring gene putative electron transfer flavoprotein FixA

Genomic Sequence:
NC_000913.3

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Metabolism of L(-)-carnitine by Enterobacteriaceae under aerobic conditions. Elssner T, et al. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 1999 May 15. PMID 10339822
  2. Crotonobetaine reductase from Escherichia coli consists of two proteins. Preusser A, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1999 Apr 12. PMID 10209289
  3. Regulation of the carnitine pathway in Escherichia coli: investigation of the cai-fix divergent promoter region. Buchet A, et al. J Bacteriol, 1998 May. PMID 9573142, Free PMC Article
  4. Identification and characterization of the caiF gene encoding a potential transcriptional activator of carnitine metabolism in Escherichia coli. Eichler K, et al. J Bacteriol, 1996 Mar. PMID 8631699, Free PMC Article
  5. Crotonobetaine reductase from Escherichia coli--a new inducible enzyme of anaerobic metabolization of L(-)-carnitine. Roth S, et al. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 1994. PMID 8060125

See all (10) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. N-terminus verified by Edman degradation on complete protein
    Title: Crotonobetaine reductase from Escherichia coli consists of two proteins.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by EcoCyc

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, with a flavin as acceptor IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in carnitine metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA dehydrogenase IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytoplasm EXP
Inferred from Experiment
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Preferred Names
crotonobetainyl-CoA reductase
NP_414581.1

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000913.3 Reference assembly

    Range
    39244..40386 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NP_414581.1 crotonobetainyl-CoA reductase

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_414581.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PRK03354
    Location:1 → 380
    PRK03354; crotonobetainyl-CoA dehydrogenase; Validated
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version

Gene LinkOut

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