U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

hokD toxic protein HokD [ Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 ]

Gene ID: 948616, updated on 30-Jul-2025
Official Symbol
hokD
Official Full Name
toxic protein HokD
Primary source
ECOCYC:EG11130
Locus tag
b1562
See related
ASAP:ABE-0005219
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (strain: K-12, substrain: MG1655)
Lineage
Bacteria; Pseudomonadati; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia
Also known as
ECK1556; relF
Summary
hokD regulatory elements are apparently deleted in K-12 and hokD is fused to relBE transcript. [More information is available at EcoGene: EG11130]. Sequence analysis indicates that the hokD gene is a homologue of the hok (host killing) gene which is responsible for mediating plasmid stabilization by post-segregational killing (PSK) in plasmid R1. hok encodes a stable mRNA whose translation is inhibited by a less stable mRNA encoded by sok. [More information is available at EcoCyc: EG11130].
Try the new Gene page
Try the new Transcripts and proteins table
Sequence:
NC_000913.3 (1645119..1645274, complement)

NC_000913.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene protein YdfU Neighboring gene protein Rem Neighboring gene mRNA interferase toxin RelE Neighboring gene antitoxin/DNA-binding transcriptional repressor RelB

Genomic Sequence:
NC_000913.3

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Development of efficient suicide mechanisms for biological containment of bacteria. Knudsen SM, et al. Appl Environ Microbiol, 1991 Jan. PMID 2036024, Free PMC Article
  2. Development and testing of improved suicide functions for biological containment of bacteria. Knudsen S, et al. Appl Environ Microbiol, 1995 Mar. PMID 7793926, Free PMC Article
  3. A family of genes encoding a cell-killing function may be conserved in all gram-negative bacteria. Poulsen LK, et al. Mol Microbiol, 1989 Nov. PMID 2693900
  4. Sequence of the relB transcription unit from Escherichia coli and identification of the relB gene. Bech FW, et al. EMBO J, 1985 Apr. PMID 2990907, Free PMC Article
  5. Analysis of an Escherichia coli mutant strain resistant to the cell-killing function encoded by the gef gene family. Poulsen LK, et al. Mol Microbiol, 1992 Apr. PMID 1602968

See all (17) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by EcoCyc

Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane RCA
inferred from Reviewed Computational Analysis
more info
 PubMed 
Preferred Names
toxic protein HokD

NEW Try the new Transcript table

Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000913.3 Reference assembly

    Range
    1645119..1645274 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NP_416080.1 toxic protein HokD

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_416080.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P0ACG6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam01848
    Location:6 → 47
    HOK_GEF; Hok/gef family
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.