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rpoS RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoS [ Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 ]

Gene ID: 947210, updated on 4-Feb-2026
Official Symbol
rpoS
Official Full Name
RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoS
Primary source
ECOCYC:EG10510
Locus tag
b2741
See related
ASAP:ABE-0009001
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (strain: K-12, substrain: MG1655)
Lineage
Bacteria; Pseudomonadati; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia
Also known as
abrD; appR; csi2; dpeB; ECK2736; katF; nur; otsX; sigS
Summary
Polyamine modulon. [More information is available at EcoGene: EG10510]. rpoS encodes the alternative sigma factor S, a subunit of RNA polymerase that acts as the master regulator of the general stress response in Escherichia coli. [More information is available at EcoCyc: EG10510].
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Sequence:
NC_000913.3 (2866559..2867551, complement)

NC_000913.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene putative 2-oxo-tetronate isomerase YgbM Neighboring gene putative transporter YgbN Neighboring gene murein hydrolase activator NlpD Neighboring gene protein-L-isoaspartate O-methyltransferase Neighboring gene broad specificity 5'(3')-nucleotidase and polyphosphatase

Genomic Sequence:
NC_000913.3

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Promoter substitution and deletion analysis of upstream region required for rpoS translational regulation. Cunning C, et al. J Bacteriol, 1998 Sep. PMID 9721296, Free PMC Article
  2. Seawater Activation of Escherichia coli Gene Promoter Elements: Dominance of rpoS Control. Rozen Y, et al. Microb Ecol, 2001 Dec. PMID 12024246
  3. Genotype-by-environment interactions influencing the emergence of rpoS mutations in Escherichia coli populations. King T, et al. Genetics, 2006 Apr. PMID 16489226, Free PMC Article
  4. Putrescine as a modulator of the level of RNA polymerase sigma S subunit in Escherichia coli cells under acid stress. Tkachenko AG, et al. Biochemistry (Mosc), 2006 Feb. PMID 16489924
  5. Effect of rpoS gene knockout on the metabolism of Escherichia coli during exponential growth phase and early stationary phase based on gene expressions, enzyme activities and intracellular metabolite concentrations. Rahman M, et al. Biotechnol Bioeng, 2006 Jun 20. PMID 16511888

See all (299) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Lack of polyamines leads to cotranslational degradation of the general stress factor RpoS in Escherichia coli.
    Title: Lack of polyamines leads to cotranslational degradation of the general stress factor RpoS in Escherichia coli.
  2. TorR/TorS Two-Component system resists extreme acid environment by regulating the key response factor RpoS in Escherichia coli.
    Title: TorR/TorS Two-Component system resists extreme acid environment by regulating the key response factor RpoS in Escherichia coli.
  3. Results find the protective heat shock response is dependent on the general stress response sigma factor, RpoS. This indicates a novel regulatory role for RpoS for mistranslation- induced heat shock response activation and a second benefit RpoS provides due to increased mistranslation rates in addition to protection against oxidative stress.
    Title: Increased mistranslation protects E. coli from protein misfolding stress due to activation of a RpoS-dependent heat shock response.
  4. The RpoS accumulation at high pH required the presence of one or more antiadaptors that block degradation.
    Title: Experimental Evolution of Escherichia coli K-12 at High pH and with RpoS Induction.
  5. ptsN is required for fitness under minimal medium and for the proper balance between RpoS and sigma 70 activities in such way that, in the absence of ptsN, RpoS-dependent genes are preferentially expressed.
    Title: Proteome analysis of an Escherichia coli ptsN-null strain under different nitrogen regimes.
  6. The authors have determined how ElaB is regulated under oxidative stress: RpoS and OxyR coordinately control the expression of inner membrane protein ElaB.
    Title: Resistance to oxidative stress by inner membrane protein ElaB is regulated by OxyR and RpoS.
  7. RpoS contributes to the resistance of E. coli to protozoan predation and that RpoS is crucial for the increased fitness of soil-persistent E. coli against predation and reduced moisture in soil.
    Title: Roles for RpoS in survival of Escherichia coli during protozoan predation and in reduced moisture conditions highlight its importance in soil environments.
  8. bolA plays a major role in the presence and absence of rpoS in attachment to the stainless steel and silicone surfaces.
    Title: Role of bolA and rpoS genes in biofilm formation and adherence pattern by Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 on polypropylene, stainless steel, and silicone surfaces.
  9. RNA polymerase is pausing during initial transcription.
    Title: RNA Polymerase Pausing during Initial Transcription.
  10. Our study indicates that the RNA chaperone Hfq contributes to the persistent infection of E. coli by maintaining the expression of bacterial genes, including one coding for sigma(38), that help bacteria evade host immunity.
    Title: Inhibition of Phagocytic Killing of Escherichia coli in Drosophila Hemocytes by RNA Chaperone Hfq.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (83)
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by EcoCyc

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables sigma factor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables sigma factor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables sigma factor activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in DNA-templated transcription IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA-templated transcription initiation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in DNA-templated transcription initiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription initiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of gene expression IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to stress IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
part_of sigma factor antagonist complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Preferred Names
RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoS

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000913.3 Reference assembly

    Range
    2866559..2867551 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NP_417221.1 RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoS

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_417221.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    G9J668
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PRK05657
    Location:4 → 328
    PRK05657; RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoS; Validated
Nucleotide Protein
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