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gadB glutamate decarboxylase B [ Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 ]

Gene ID: 946058, updated on 30-Jul-2025
Official Symbol
gadB
Official Full Name
glutamate decarboxylase B
Primary source
ECOCYC:EG11490
Locus tag
b1493
See related
ASAP:ABE-0004976
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (strain: K-12, substrain: MG1655)
Lineage
Bacteria; Pseudomonadati; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia
Also known as
ECK1487
Summary
RpoS regulon. [More information is available at EcoGene: EG11490]. GadB, a glutamate decarboxylase enzyme, is part of the glutamate-dependent acid resistance system 2 (AR2) which confers resistance to extreme acid conditions. [More information is available at EcoCyc: EG11490].
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Sequence:
NC_000913.3 (1570645..1572045, complement)

NC_000913.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene divisome localized glycosyl hydrolase Neighboring gene L-glutamate:4-aminobutyrate antiporter Neighboring gene periplasmic metalloprotease Neighboring gene putative TonB-dependent receptor YddB

Genomic Sequence:
NC_000913.3

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Related articles in PubMed

  1. On the effect of alkaline pH and cofactor availability in the conformational and oligomeric state of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase. Giovannercole F, et al. Protein Eng Des Sel, 2017 Mar 1. PMID 28062647
  2. Mutation of His465 alters the pH-dependent spectroscopic properties of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase and broadens the range of its activity toward more alkaline pH. Pennacchietti E, et al. J Biol Chem, 2009 Nov 13. PMID 19797049, Free PMC Article
  3. Substrate analogues and divalent cations as inhibitors of glutamate decarboxylase from Escherichia coli. Youngs TL, et al. Biochem Int, 1991 Mar. PMID 1883399
  4. L-Glutamate decarboxylase from bacteria. Fonda ML. Methods Enzymol, 1985. PMID 3910996
  5. Glutamate decarboxylase. Substrate specificity and inhibition by carboxylic acids. Fonda ML. Biochemistry, 1972 Mar 28. PMID 4552052

See all (44) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Small angle X-ray scattering, combined with size exclusion chromatography, and analytical ultracentrifugation analysis show that the compact and entangled EcGadB hexameric structure undergoes dissociation into dimers as pH alkalinizes.
    Title: On the effect of alkaline pH and cofactor availability in the conformational and oligomeric state of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase.
  2. Data show that Corynebacterium glutamicum expressing E. coli glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) mutant under the strong PH36 promoter could produce GABA 17-fold higher than that obtained by C. glutamicum expressing wild-type E. coli GAD.
    Title: Enhanced production of gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) in recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum by expressing glutamate decarboxylase active in expanded pH range.
  3. During anaerobic growth at pH 5.5, strains deleted for fnr showed enhanced transcription of acid-survival genes gadB, cfa, and hdeA, as well as catalase (katE).
    Title: Escherichia coli K-12 survives anaerobic exposure at pH 2 without RpoS, Gad, or hydrogenases, but shows sensitivity to autoclaved broth products.
  4. Mutation of His465 alters the pH-dependent spectroscopic properties of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase and broadens the range of its activity toward more alkaline pH.
    Title: Mutation of His465 alters the pH-dependent spectroscopic properties of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase and broadens the range of its activity toward more alkaline pH.
  5. N-terminus verified by Edman degradation on complete protein
    Title: Function of the Escherichia coli nucleoid protein, H-NS: molecular analysis of a subset of proteins whose expression is enhanced in a hns deletion mutant.
  6. Results show that chloride is an allosteric activator of GadB.
    Title: Escherichia coli acid resistance: pH-sensing, activation by chloride and autoinhibition in GadB.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by EcoCyc

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables carbon-carbon lyase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables carboxy-lyase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables glutamate decarboxylase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables glutamate decarboxylase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables glutamate decarboxylase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables lyase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables pyridoxal phosphate binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in L-glutamate catabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in carboxylic acid metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in glutamate metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in intracellular pH elevation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within intracellular pH elevation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cytosol HDA PubMed 
is_active_in cytosol IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in membrane HDA PubMed 
located_in membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Preferred Names
glutamate decarboxylase B
NP_416010.1

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000913.3 Reference assembly

    Range
    1570645..1572045 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NP_416010.1 glutamate decarboxylase B

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_416010.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A2X1NFS6, A0A8S7CSP5, A5YKJ3, A5YKJ6, A5YKJ8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR01788
    Location:16 → 449
    Glu-decarb-GAD; glutamate decarboxylase
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version

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