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dnaX DNA polymerase III subunit gamma;DNA polymerase III subunit tau [ Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 ]

Gene ID: 945105, updated on 17-Jul-2025
Official Symbol
dnaX
Official Full Name
DNA polymerase III subunit gamma;DNA polymerase III subunit tau
Primary source
ECOCYC:EG10245
Locus tag
b0470
See related
ASAP:ABE-0001633
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (strain: K-12, substrain: MG1655)
Lineage
Bacteria; Pseudomonadati; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia
Also known as
dnaZ; ECK0464
Summary
The tau chain is the full length protein. [More information is available at EcoGene: EG10245]. The gamma subunit of polymerase III is generated by a programmed frameshift that occurs about half the time and leads to early termination of translation and a protein that lacks the final two domains found in tau. [More information is available at EcoCyc: EG10245].
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Sequence:
NC_000913.3 (492092..494023)

NC_000913.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene DUF454 domain-containing inner membrane protein YbaN Neighboring gene adenine phosphoribosyltransferase Neighboring gene putative nucleoid-associated protein YbaB Neighboring gene recombination mediator protein RecR Neighboring gene chaperone protein HtpG

Genomic Sequence:
NC_000913.3

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. study characterized the dnaXE145A clamp loader mutant; found that the naturally occurring obstacles encountered by a replication fork are not tackled in a proper way by the mutant clamp loader and suggest a role for the clamp loader in the restart of stalled replication forks
    Title: Phenotypes of dnaX(E145A) Mutant Cells Indicate that the Escherichia coli Clamp Loader Has a Role in the Restart of Stalled Replication Forks.
  2. Ribosome frameshifting during translation of bacterial dnaX can proceed via different routes, generating a variety of distinct polypeptides.
    Title: Conditional Switch between Frameshifting Regimes upon Translation of dnaX mRNA.
  3. Data show that expression from DNA polymerase III dnaX to produce gamma subunit is essential for normal cellular function.
    Title: The DNA polymerase III holoenzyme contains γ and is not a trimeric polymerase.
  4. Data show that the tau (tau), alpha (alpha), epsilon (epsilon), and theta (theta;) subunits of DNA Polymerase III can be assembled in vivo, yielding the trimeric tau3alpha3epsilon3theta;3 complex.
    Title: Simultaneous ternary extension of DNA catalyzed by a trimeric replicase assembled in vivo.
  5. Destabilization of the single-stranded DNA-chi subunit of DNA polymerase III complex in vivo produces cells with temperature- dependent cell cycle defects that appear to arise from replisome instability.
    Title: Structure of the SSB-DNA polymerase III interface and its role in DNA replication.
  6. Analyzing DnaX complexes containing one or more K51E variant DnaX subunits demonstrated that only one active ATP binding site is required to form initiation complexes, but the two additional sites increase the rate by ca 1000-fold.
    Title: Polymerase chaperoning and multiple ATPase sites enable the E. coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme to rapidly form initiation complexes.
  7. Only one ATP-binding DnaX subunit is required for initiation complex formation by the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme.
    Title: Only one ATP-binding DnaX subunit is required for initiation complex formation by the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme.
  8. The DNA polymerase III clamp loading reaction can be divided into two stages: formation of a ternary clamp loader.clamp.DNA complex, and decay of the ternary complex to produce a clamp.DNA complex. Clamp release is likely to be the rate-limiting step.
    Title: Temporal correlation of DNA binding, ATP hydrolysis, and clamp release in the clamp loading reaction catalyzed by the Escherichia coli gamma complex.
  9. Data support the assumption that dnaX36-mediated mutations originate as errors of replication rather than DNA damage-related events.
    Title: Role of accessory DNA polymerases in DNA replication in Escherichia coli: analysis of the dnaX36 mutator mutant.
  10. N-terminus verified by Edman degradation on mature peptide
    Title: DNA polymerase III holoenzyme of Escherichia coli. I. Purification and distinctive functions of subunits tau and gamma, the dnaZX gene products.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (13)
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by EcoCyc

Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in DNA-templated DNA replication IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Preferred Names
DNA polymerase III subunit gamma;DNA polymerase III subunit tau

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000913.3 Reference assembly

    Range
    492092..494023
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NP_415003.1 DNA polymerase III subunit tau

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_415003.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A6N8QX54
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PRK07994
    Location:1 → 643
    PRK07994; DNA polymerase III subunits gamma and tau; Validated

  2. YP_009518751.1 DNA polymerase III subunit gamma

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8T6BMW8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PRK07994
    Location:1 → 430
    PRK07994; DNA polymerase III subunits gamma and tau; Validated
Nucleotide Protein
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