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CCNH cyclin H [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 902, updated on 12-Aug-2026
Official Symbol
CCNHprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
cyclin Hprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:1594
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000134480 MIM:601953; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1594
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
CAK; p34; p37; CycH
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein abundance through the cell cycle. Cyclins function as regulators of CDK kinases. Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation patterns which contribute to the temporal coordination of each mitotic event. This cyclin forms a complex with CDK7 kinase and ring finger protein MAT1. The kinase complex is able to phosphorylate CDK2 and CDC2 kinases, thus functions as a CDK-activating kinase (CAK). This cyclin and its kinase partner are components of TFIIH, as well as RNA polymerase II protein complexes. They participate in two different transcriptional regulation processes, suggesting an important link between basal transcription control and the cell cycle machinery. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 4. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Nov 2010]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in placenta (RPKM 15.0), testis (RPKM 11.2) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
all
Try the new Gene page
Try the new Transcripts and proteins table
See CCNH in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
5q14.3
Exon count:
11
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 5 NC_000005.10 (87311471..87412930, complement)
RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 5 NC_060929.1 (87789500..87894036, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 5 NC_000005.9 (86607288..86708747, complement)

Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene RAS p21 protein activator 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901022 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:86595594-86596094 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:86596095-86596595 Neighboring gene RNA, 7SL, cytoplasmic 629, pseudogene Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 606, pseudogene Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC644285 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22753 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22754 Neighboring gene CCNH antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 727, pseudogene Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901222

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Expression of cyclin H in normal and cancerous endometrium, its correlation with other cyclins, and association with clinicopathologic parameters. Kayaselcuk F, et al. Int J Gynecol Cancer, 2006 Jan-Feb. PMID 16445666
  2. Global fungal-host interactome mapping identifies host targets of candidalysin. Zhang TY, et al. Nat Commun, 2024 Feb 27. PMID 38413612, Free PMC Article
  3. The role of CCNH Val270Ala (rs2230641) and other nucleotide excision repair polymorphisms in individual susceptibility to well-differentiated thyroid cancer. Santos LS, et al. Oncol Rep, 2013 Nov. PMID 23982724
  4. The structure of cyclin H: common mode of kinase activation and specific features. Andersen G, et al. EMBO J, 1997 Mar 3. PMID 9118957, Free PMC Article
  5. MAT1, cdk7 and cyclin H form a kinase complex which is UV light-sensitive upon association with TFIIH. Adamczewski JP, et al. EMBO J, 1996 Apr 15. PMID 8617234, Free PMC Article

See all (212) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Cytomegalovirus cyclin-dependent kinase ortholog vCDK/pUL97 undergoes regulatory interaction with human cyclin H and CDK7 to codetermine viral replication efficiency.
    Title: Cytomegalovirus cyclin-dependent kinase ortholog vCDK/pUL97 undergoes regulatory interaction with human cyclin H and CDK7 to codetermine viral replication efficiency.
  2. Cyclin H Regulates Lung Cancer Progression as a Carcinoma Inducer.
    Title: Cyclin H Regulates Lung Cancer Progression as a Carcinoma Inducer.
  3. Cyclins B1, T1, and H differ in their molecular mode of interaction with cytomegalovirus protein kinase pUL97
    Title: Cyclins B1, T1, and H differ in their molecular mode of interaction with cytomegalovirus protein kinase pUL97.
  4. Genetic polymorphisms in cyclin H gene are associated with oxaliplatin-induced acute peripheral neuropathy in South Indian digestive tract cancer patients.
    Title: Genetic polymorphisms in cyclin H gene are associated with oxaliplatin-induced acute peripheral neuropathy in South Indian digestive tract cancer patients.
  5. Expressions of components of the CAK complex, CDK7, MAT1, and Cyclin H are elevated in breast cancer.
    Title: Expression of CDK7, Cyclin H, and MAT1 Is Elevated in Breast Cancer and Is Prognostic in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer.
  6. Our results indicated that CCNH/CDK7-CtBP2 axis may augment ESCC cell migration, and targeting the interaction of both may provide a novel therapeutic target of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma .
    Title: Interaction with CCNH/CDK7 facilitates CtBP2 promoting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) metastasis via upregulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression.
  7. SNPs in CCNH and ABCG2 can modulate the development of severe oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy.
    Title: Pharmacogenetic predictors of severe peripheral neuropathy in colon cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy: a GEMCAD group study.
  8. Hemodynamic forces modulate EC proliferative phenotype through the miR-23b/CAK/cyclin H pathway.
    Title: MicroRNA-23b regulates cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase complex through cyclin H repression to modulate endothelial transcription and growth under flow.
  9. When considering all thyroid cancer (DTC) cases, only rs2230641 (CCNH) was associated with DTC risk.
    Title: The role of CCNH Val270Ala (rs2230641) and other nucleotide excision repair polymorphisms in individual susceptibility to well-differentiated thyroid cancer.
  10. CCNH and CDK7 may play an important role in the tumorigenesis and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
    Title: Low expression of cyclinH and cyclin-dependent kinase 7 can decrease the proliferation of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (26)

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Common genetic variation and antidepressant efficacy in major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis of three genome-wide pharmacogenetic studies.
EBI GWAS Catalog

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Tat tat Interaction of HIV-1 Tat with TFIIH stimulates phosphorylation of Ser-5 of the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain (CTD), which in turn also stimulates co-transcriptional capping of HIV-1 mRNA PubMed
tat TFIIH subunits CDK7 and cyclin H have been identified as two components associated with the Tat-associated CTD kinase (TTK) that binds to HIV-1 Tat PubMed
tat TFIIH interacts with HIV-1 Tat as a component of the HIV-1 transcription preinitiation complex, but is released from the elongation complex which includes P-TEFb PubMed
tat CAK/TFIIH is required for HIV-1 Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter PubMed
tat Amino acids 1-48 of HIV-1 Tat, which includes the Tat activation domain, mediate the binding of Tat to CAK and the TFIIH complex through a direct interaction with CDK7 and possibly other TFIIH subunits, including p62 and ERCC3 PubMed
tat TFIIH synergizes with HIV-1 Tat to induce transcription elongation from the HIV-1 LTR promoter PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat interacts with the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme and transcription preinitiation complexes, which include TFIIH, during Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR PubMed
Vpr vpr As a component of the TFIIH transcription complex, cyclin H inhibits HIV-1 Vpr cell cycle-arresting function PubMed
vpr As a component of the TFIIH transcription complex, cyclin H enhances the synergistic activation of glucocorticoid receptor by HIV-1 Vpr and p300 PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
contributes_to RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase regulator activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase regulator activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables kinase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in DNA-templated transcription IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in nucleotide-excision repair NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in protein stabilization IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of CAK-ERCC2 complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in nucleus TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
part_of transcription factor TFIIH core complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of transcription factor TFIIH holo complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of transcription factor TFIIH holo complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
part_of transcription factor TFIIK complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of transcription factor TFIIK complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of transcription factor TFIIK complex IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
part_of transcription factor TFIIK complex IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
Preferred Names
cyclin-H
Names
CAK complex subunit
CDK-activating kinase complex subunit
MO15-associated protein
cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase complex subunit

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001199189.2 → NP_001186118.1  cyclin-H isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001186118.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and coding sequence and the 3' UTR and coding sequence, and initiates translation at a downstream start codon, compared to variant 3. The encoded isoform (2) is shorter at the N-terminus and has a shorter and distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 3.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC018754, BX537673
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    D6RHI7
    Related
    ENSP00000426075.1, ENST00000504878.1
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    TIGR00569
    Location:1 → 255
    ccl1; cyclin ccl1
    smart00385
    Location:9 → 99
    CYCLIN; domain present in cyclins, TFIIB and Retinoblastoma
    pfam16899
    Location:109 → 209
    Cyclin_C_2; Cyclin C-terminal domain

  2. NM_001239.4 → NP_001230.1  cyclin-H isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) differs in the 3' UTR and coding sequence compared to variant 3. The resulting isoform (1) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 3.
    Source sequence(s)
    BC005280, BC016705, BP244381
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS4064.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P51946, Q53X72, Q8TBL9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K6Q5
    Related
    ENSP00000256897.4, ENST00000256897.9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00569
    Location:2 → 308
    ccl1; cyclin ccl1

  3. NM_001363539.2 → NP_001350468.1  cyclin-H isoform 3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) encodes the longest isoform (3).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC018754
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS87309.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A2R8YEM2, A8K6Q5
    Related
    ENSP00000672834.1, ENST00001003017.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00569
    Location:2 → 308
    ccl1; cyclin ccl1

  4. NM_001364075.2 → NP_001351004.1  cyclin-H isoform 4

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 3' UTR and coding sequence compared to variant 3. The resulting isoform (4) is the same length as isoform 3 but has a distinct C-terminus.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC018754, AC035142
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K6Q5
    Related
    ENSP00000785601.1, ENST00001115796.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00569
    Location:2 → 308
    ccl1; cyclin ccl1

  5. NM_001364076.2 → NP_001351005.1  cyclin-H isoform 5

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR and coding sequence compared to variant 3. The resulting isoform (5) is shorter at the N-terminus compared to isoform 3.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC018754
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q59FW7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00569
    Location:1 → 255
    ccl1; cyclin ccl1

RNA

  1. NR_157068.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC018754, AC035142

  2. NR_157069.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC018754, AC035142

  3. NR_157070.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC018754, AC035142

  4. NR_157071.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC018754

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000005.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    87311471..87412930 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047417863.1 → XP_047273819.1  cyclin-H isoform X1

    Related
    ENSP00000672840.1, ENST00001003023.1

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060929.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    87789500..87894036 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054353747.1 → XP_054209722.1  cyclin-H isoform X1

RNA

  1. XR_008487193.1 RNA Sequence

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P51946.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P51946

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
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