MGE1 mitochondrial nucleotide exchange factor MGE1 [Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: MGE1
Official Full Name: mitochondrial nucleotide exchange factor MGE1
Primary source: SGD:S000005758
Locus tag: YOR232W
See related: AllianceGenome:SGD:S000005758; FungiDB:YOR232W; VEuPathDB:YOR232W
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C (strain: S288C)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Saccharomycotina; Saccharomycetes; Saccharomycetales; Saccharomycetaceae; Saccharomyces
Also known as: YGE1
Summary: Enables adenyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity. Involved in protein import into mitochondrial matrix and protein refolding. Located in mitochondrial matrix. Part of PAM complex, Tim23 associated import motor. Orthologous to human GRPEL1 (GrpE like 1, mitochondrial) and GRPEL2 (GrpE like 2, mitochondrial). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

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See MGE1 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: XV

Exon count:: 1

Sequence:: Chromosome: XV; NC_001147.6 (774573..775259)

Chromosome XV - NC_001147.6 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_001147.6

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The authors conclude that the Mxr2-Mge1-Hsp70 protein triad is finely regulated through structural alterations of Mge1 mediated by redox levels.
Title: Adaptation of Mge1 to oxidative stress by local unfolding and altered Interaction with mitochondrial Hsp70 and Mxr2.
Data show that the Mge1 H167L mutant has increased thermal stability compared to that of wild-type Mge1 and also augments Hsp70-mediated protein refolding activity.
Title: A Single Point Mutation in Mitochondrial Hsp70 Cochaperone Mge1 Gains Thermal Stability and Resistance.
Mge1 is regulated by Mxr2. Mxr2 selectively reduces methionine sulfoxide at position 155 of Mge1 and restores the activity of Mge1 both in vitro and in vivo.
Title: Methionine sulfoxide reductase 2 reversibly regulates Mge1, a cochaperone of mitochondrial Hsp70, during oxidative stress.
results show an oxidative stress-dependent decrease in Mge1 dimer formation accompanied by a concomitant decrease in Mge1-Hsp70 complex formation; study suggests Mge1 acts as a novel oxidative sensor of mitochondria to regulate mitochondrial protein import and folding
Title: Mge1, a nucleotide exchange factor of Hsp70, acts as an oxidative sensor to regulate mitochondrial Hsp70 function.
The nucleotide-exchange factor Mge1 did not induce ADP release, as expected, but rather facilitated binding of ATP.
Title: Real-time observation of the conformational dynamics of mitochondrial Hsp70 by spFRET.
Ssq1p/Jac1p/Mge1p are not important for Fe/S cluster synthesis on Isu1p
Title: The Hsp70 chaperone Ssq1p is dispensable for iron-sulfur cluster formation on the scaffold protein Isu1p.
Mge1p can act as a thermosensor for the mitochondrial Hsp70 system, regulating the nucleotide exchange rates under heat shock
Title: Thermal adaptation of the yeast mitochondrial Hsp70 system is regulated by the reversible unfolding of its nucleotide exchange factor.

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Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by SGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables adenyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables adenyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables adenyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables adenyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables protein homodimerization activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein-folding chaperone binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in intracellular protein transport	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in protein folding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein import into mitochondrial matrix	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in protein import into mitochondrial matrix	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein refolding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of PAM complex, Tim23 associated import motor	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of PAM complex, Tim23 associated import motor	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of TIM23 mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase complex	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrial inner membrane	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrial inner membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in mitochondrial matrix	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrial matrix	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrion	HDA more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: mitochondrial nucleotide exchange factor MGE1

NP_014875.3

Mitochondrial matrix cochaperone; nucleotide release factor for Ssc1p in protein translocation and folding; also acts as cochaperone for Ssq1p in folding of Fe-S cluster proteins; acts as oxidative sensor to regulate mitochondrial Ssc1p; in presence of oxidative stress, dimeric Mge1p becomes a monomer and unable to regulate Ssc1p function; homolog of E. coli GrpE and human Mge1 (GRPEL1), which also responds to oxidative stress