PNC1 nicotinamidase [Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: PNC1
Official Full Name: nicotinamidase
Primary source: SGD:S000003005
Locus tag: YGL037C
See related: AllianceGenome:SGD:S000003005; FungiDB:YGL037C; VEuPathDB:YGL037C
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C (strain: S288C)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Saccharomycotina; Saccharomycetes; Saccharomycetales; Saccharomycetaceae; Saccharomyces
Summary: Enables nicotinamidase activity. Involved in negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process and nicotinate nucleotide salvage. Located in nucleus and peroxisome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

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See PNC1 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: VII

Exon count:: 1

Sequence:: Chromosome: VII; NC_001139.9 (427297..427947, complement)

Chromosome VII - NC_001139.9 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_001139.9

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The Histone Deacetylases Hst1 and Rpd3 Integrate De Novo NAD[+] Metabolism with Phosphate Sensing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Title: The Histone Deacetylases Hst1 and Rpd3 Integrate De Novo NAD(+) Metabolism with Phosphate Sensing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Enhanced resistance was also independent of the nicotinamide salvage pathway, which uses nicotinamide as a substrate to generate NAD+, and of a DNA damage-induced increase in the salvage enzyme Pnc1
Title: Nicotinamide Suppresses the DNA Damage Sensitivity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Independently of Sirtuin Deacetylases.
Stress exposure results in increased peroxisomal levels of yeast Pnc1 and Gpd1, which are imported via a piggy-backing mechanism.
Title: Stress exposure results in increased peroxisomal levels of yeast Pnc1 and Gpd1, which are imported via a piggy-backing mechanism.
In this paper, the catalytic mechanism of Pnc1 has been investigated by using a combined quantum-mechanical/molecular-mechanical (QM/MM) approach based on the recently obtained crystal structure of Pnc1.
Title: A QM/MM study of the catalytic mechanism of nicotinamidase.
The overall kinetic mechanism of eukaryotic nicotinamidase from S. cerevisiae (Pnc1) is established through product inhibition analysis, also demonstrating that nicotinamide analogues are Pnc1 inhibitors.
Title: Structural and kinetic isotope effect studies of nicotinamidase (Pnc1) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
overall data showed that PNC1 is a biomarker of mRNA mistranslation and protein misfolding and that PNC1-GFP fusions can be used to monitor these two important biological phenomena in vivo
Title: The yeast PNC1 longevity gene is up-regulated by mRNA mistranslation.
Exogenous nicotinamide can therefore have negative or positive impacts on rDNA silencing, depending on the PNC1 expression level.
Title: Pnc1p-mediated nicotinamide clearance modifies the epigenetic properties of rDNA silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Crystal structure reveals extended helical arrays interwoven to form an unusually robust, yet porous superstructure.
Title: Crystal structure of the yeast nicotinamidase Pnc1p.

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Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by SGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables hydrolase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables nicotinamidase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables nicotinamidase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables nicotinamidase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables zinc ion binding	RCA inferred from Reviewed Computational Analysis more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in negative regulation of DNA amplification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in nicotinamide metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in nicotinate nucleotide salvage	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in pyridine nucleotide biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in rDNA heterochromatin formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in subtelomeric heterochromatin formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in chromosome, telomeric region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasm	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in peroxisome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in peroxisome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: nicotinamidase

NP_011478.3

EC 3.5.1.19

Nicotinamidase that converts nicotinamide to nicotinic acid; part of the NAD(+) salvage pathway; required for life span extension by calorie restriction; lacks a peroxisomal targeting signal but is imported into peroxisomes via binding to Gpd1p; PNC1 expression responds to all known stimuli that extend replicative life span; protein increases in abundance and relative distribution to cytoplasmic foci decreases upon DNA replication stress

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_001139.9 Reference assembly

Range

427297..427947 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001180902.3 → NP_011478.3 nicotinamidase

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_011478.3

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

D6VUA2, P53184

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6ZUV8, B3LIP8, C7GT52, C8Z8K6, G2WE58, N1P9S1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd01011
Location:1 → 214

nicotinamidase; Nicotinamidase/pyrazinamidase (PZase). Nicotinamidase, a ubiquitous enzyme in prokaryotes, converts nicotinamide to nicotinic acid (niacin) and ammonia, which in turn can be recycled to make nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The same enzyme is ...