Vegfa vascular endothelial growth factor A [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

Gene ID: 83785, updated on 11-Jun-2025

Summary

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Official Symbol: Vegfaprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: vascular endothelial growth factor Aprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:619991
See related: Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000019598 AllianceGenome:RGD:619991
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: VPF; Vegf; VEGF-A; VEGF111; VEGF164
Summary: This gene is a member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. It encodes a heparin-binding protein, which exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer. This growth factor induces proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells, and is essential for both physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Disruption of this gene in mice resulted in abnormal embryonic blood vessel formation. This gene is upregulated in many known tumors and its expression is correlated with tumor stage and progression. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. There is also evidence for alternative translation initiation from upstream non-AUG (CUG) codons resulting in additional isoforms. A recent study showed that a C-terminally extended isoform is produced by use of an alternative in-frame translation termination codon via a stop codon readthrough mechanism, and that this isoform is antiangiogenic. Expression of some isoforms derived from the AUG start codon is regulated by a small upstream open reading frame, which is located within an internal ribosome entry site. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]
Expression: Biased expression in Lung (RPKM 1035.8), Heart (RPKM 646.4) and 8 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

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See Vegfa in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: 9q12

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	9	NC_086027.1 (22452854..22468194)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	9	NC_051344.1 (14955300..14970641)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	9	NC_005108.4 (17340341..17355681)

Chromosome 9 - NC_086027.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The Expression and Molecular Mechanisms of Matrix Metalloproteinase- 9 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in Rats.
Title: The Expression and Molecular Mechanisms of Matrix Metalloproteinase- 9 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in Rats.
Downregulation of VEGFA accelerates AGEs-mediated nucleus pulposus degeneration through inhibiting protective mitophagy in high glucose environments.
Title: Downregulation of VEGFA accelerates AGEs-mediated nucleus pulposus degeneration through inhibiting protective mitophagy in high glucose environments.
LncRNA XIST promotes neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy by regulating miR-101-3p/VEGFA.
Title: LncRNA XIST promotes neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy by regulating miR-101-3p/VEGFA.
Overexpression of RAD54L attenuates osteoarthritis by suppressing the HIF-1alpha/VEGF signaling pathway: Bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.
Title: Overexpression of RAD54L attenuates osteoarthritis by suppressing the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway: Bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.
microRNA-9a-5p disrupts the ELAVL1/VEGF axis to alleviate traumatic brain injury.
Title: microRNA-9a-5p disrupts the ELAVL1/VEGF axis to alleviate traumatic brain injury.
Neuropilin-1 is essential for vascular endothelial growth factor A-mediated increase of sensory neuron activity and development of pain-like behaviors.
Title: Neuropilin-1 is essential for vascular endothelial growth factor A-mediated increase of sensory neuron activity and development of pain-like behaviors.
Inhibiting MiR-320a promotes myocardial apoptosis in myocardial infarction rats through activating VEGF pathway.
Title: Inhibiting MiR-320a promotes myocardial apoptosis in myocardial infarction rats through activating VEGF pathway.
Panax quinquefolium L. and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Enhances Angiogenesis by Regulating the miR-155-5p/HIF-1alpha/VEGF Axis in Acute Myocardial Infarction.
Title: Panax quinquefolium L. and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Enhances Angiogenesis by Regulating the miR-155-5p/HIF-1α/VEGF Axis in Acute Myocardial Infarction.
Urine-derived stem cells-extracellular vesicles ameliorate diabetic osteoporosis through HDAC4/HIF-1alpha/VEGFA axis by delivering microRNA-26a-5p.
Title: Urine-derived stem cells-extracellular vesicles ameliorate diabetic osteoporosis through HDAC4/HIF-1α/VEGFA axis by delivering microRNA-26a-5p.
Wnt5a-Flt1 activation contributes to preterm altered cerebral angiogenesis after prenatal inflammation.
Title: Wnt5a-Flt1 activation contributes to preterm altered cerebral angiogenesis after prenatal inflammation.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (619)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Vegfa (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:471318

Vegfa (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:462632

PMC20712P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271944

VEGF_1127 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277860

VEGF_V308 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277860

Vegf (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:144751

Vegf (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:181878

D2Wox60 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:240057

D2Wox61 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:240058

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables chemoattractant activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables chemoattractant activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables chemoattractant activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables chemoattractant activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables cytokine activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables cytokine activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables fibronectin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables fibronectin binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables growth factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables growth factor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables growth factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables growth factor activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables growth factor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables heparin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables heparin binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables identical protein binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables neuropilin binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables receptor ligand activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables receptor ligand activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in T-helper 1 type immune response	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in VEGF-activated neuropilin signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in angiogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in angiogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within angiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in angiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in angiogenesis	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in angiogenesis involved in coronary vascular morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within artery morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in basophil chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within blood vessel development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within blood vessel morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in blood vessel remodeling	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within bone trabecula formation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within bone trabecula morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within camera-type eye morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cardiac muscle cell development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cell chemotaxis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell population proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of cell-cell adhesion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to estrogen stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to hypoxia	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to hypoxia	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to hypoxia	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to mechanical stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to wortmannin	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular stress response to acid chemical	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular stress response to acid chemical	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT involved_in commissural neuron axon guidance	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in commissural neuron axon guidance	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in coronary artery morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in coronary vasculature morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in coronary vein morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within dopaminergic neuron differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in endothelial cell chemotaxis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in endothelial cell chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within endothelial cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within endothelial cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within epithelial cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within epithelial cell maturation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of epithelial cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within eye photoreceptor cell development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in female pregnancy	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within heart morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in immune system process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within in utero embryonic development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in induction of positive chemotaxis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in induction of positive chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within kidney development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lactation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in lung alveolus development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in lung development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lung development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lung vasculature development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in lymph vessel morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of lymphangiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lymphangiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in mRNA stabilization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in macrophage differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in macrophage differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within mammary gland alveolus development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within mesoderm development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in monocyte differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in monocyte differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in motor neuron migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in motor neuron migration	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of adherens junction organization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of adherens junction organization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of blood-brain barrier permeability	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of blood-brain barrier permeability	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of bone resorption	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of establishment of endothelial barrier	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of establishment of endothelial barrier	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of fat cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of programmed cell death	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in nervous system development	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in nervous system development	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of neuroblast proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in neuron apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuron development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in outflow tract morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within ovarian follicle development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive chemotaxis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of MAPK cascade	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of MAPK cascade	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of angiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
NOT involved_in positive regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel branching	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel branching	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell adhesion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell adhesion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cell population proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell proliferation by VEGF-activated platelet derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell proliferation by VEGF-activated platelet derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis by VEGF-activated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis by VEGF-activated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial tube formation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of lymphangiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of mast cell chemotaxis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of mast cell chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of positive chemotaxis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of positive chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to early endosome	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of receptor internalization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of receptor internalization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of signal transduction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of trophoblast cell migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of trophoblast cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of vascular permeability	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of vascular permeability	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of vascular permeability	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of vascular permeability	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within post-embryonic camera-type eye development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within primitive erythrocyte differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of cell shape	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of cell shape	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of endothelial cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of growth	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to dexamethasone	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to estradiol	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to folic acid	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to hypoxia	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in response to hypoxia	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to hypoxia	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to hypoxia	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to oxygen levels	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to progesterone	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to vitamin A	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
NOT involved_in retinal ganglion cell axon guidance	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in retinal ganglion cell axon guidance	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in sprouting angiogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in sprouting angiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within surfactant homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in tissue remodeling	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in tube formation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in tube formation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in tube formation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in vascular wound healing	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in vascular wound healing	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within vasculature development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within vasodilation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of VEGF-A complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of VEGF-A complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in adherens junction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in adherens junction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in basement membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cell surface	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cell surface	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in secretory granule	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in secretory granule	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in vesicle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: vascular endothelial growth factor A

Names: vascular permeability factor

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001110333.2 → NP_001103803.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001103803.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an in-frame, internal coding exon, compared to variant 1. This variant can initiate translation from non-AUG (CUG) site, and also from a downstream, in-frame AUG site. The isoform (2) represented in this RefSeq is derived from the CUG start codon and it lacks an internal segment, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

BC168708, CO565920, JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0G2K6Z7, B5DEK7

Related

ENSRNOP00000106539.1, ENSRNOT00000131972.1

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00141
Location:228 → 310

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family

pfam14554
Location:316 → 369

VEGF_C; VEGF heparin-binding domain
NM_001110334.2 → NP_001103804.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 3

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks two consecutive in-frame exons in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. This variant can initiate translation from non-AUG (CUG) site, and also from a downstream, in-frame AUG site. The isoform (3) represented in this RefSeq is derived from the CUG start codon and it lacks an internal segment, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AF215726, BC168708, CO565920, JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

F8WG85

Related

ENSRNOP00000050127.4, ENSRNOT00000044163.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00141
Location:228 → 310

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family
NM_001110335.1 → NP_001103805.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 4

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001103805.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR and lacks a portion of the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (4) has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1. This variant has transcript support, but the protein is predicted.

Source sequence(s)

BQ203400, CK357826, CK358638, CK364938, CK602714, CV107730

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6JIV9, Q63672, Q63882

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam14554
Location:61 → 109

VEGF_C; VEGF heparin-binding domain

cl00116
Location:1 → 26

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family domain; PDGF is a potent activator for cells of mesenchymal origin; PDGF-A and PDGF-B form AA and BB homodimers and an AB heterodimer; VEGF is a potent mitogen in embryonic and ...
NM_001110336.1 → NP_001103806.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 5

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001103806.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR and lacks a portion of the 5' coding region and an in-frame, internal coding exon, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (5) has a shorter N-terminus and lacks an internal segment, compared to isoform 1. This variant has transcript support, but the protein is predicted.

Source sequence(s)

BQ203400, CK357826, CK358638, CK364938, CK602714, CV107730

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6JIW0, B4XHA2

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam14554
Location:32 → 85

VEGF_C; VEGF heparin-binding domain

cl00116
Location:1 → 26

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family domain; PDGF is a potent activator for cells of mesenchymal origin; PDGF-A and PDGF-B form AA and BB homodimers and an AB heterodimer; VEGF is a potent mitogen in embryonic and ...
NM_001287107.1 → NP_001274036.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 6 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001274036.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript. This variant can initiate translation from non-AUG (CUG) site, and also from a downstream, in-frame AUG site. The isoform (6) represented in this RefSeq is derived from the AUG start codon and it is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AF215725, BC168708, CO565920, JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P16612, Q541S6, Q91ZE1, Q9JKX7, Q9QXG6, Q9QXG7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8I5ZN58, A6JIU4

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00141
Location:49 → 131

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family

pfam14554
Location:166 → 214

VEGF_C; VEGF heparin-binding domain
NM_001287108.1 → NP_001274037.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform Vegf-A precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001274037.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an in-frame, internal coding exon compared to variant 1. It can initiate translation from a non-AUG (CUG) codon, and also from an in-frame, downstream AUG start codon. The isoform (Vegf-A) represented in this RefSeq is derived from the AUG start codon. It has a shorter N-terminus and lacks an internal protein segment compared to isoform 1. This variant also encodes a C-terminally extended isoform (Vegf-Ax), which results from the use of an alternative in-frame, downstream translation termination codon (UAA). Isoform Vegf-Ax is represented in NM_001317043.1.

Source sequence(s)

BC168708, CO565920, JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6JIU7, C9DRV0

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00141
Location:49 → 131

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family

pfam14554
Location:137 → 190

VEGF_C; VEGF heparin-binding domain
NM_001287110.1 → NP_001274039.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 8 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001274039.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks two consecutive in-frame exons in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. This variant can initiate translation from non-AUG (CUG) site, and also from a downstream, in-frame AUG site. The isoform (8) represented in this RefSeq is derived from the AUG start codon and it is shorter at the N-terminus and lacks an internal segment, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AF215726, BC168708, CO565920, JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q541S7, Q64FZ6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00141
Location:49 → 131

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family
NM_001287111.1 → NP_001274040.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 9

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (6) lacks an in-frame, internal exon in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. This variant can initiate translation from non-AUG (CUG) site, and also from a downstream, in-frame AUG site. The isoform (9) represented in this RefSeq is derived from the CUG start codon and it lacks an internal segment, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AF222779, BC168708, CO565920, JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0H2UHY5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00141
Location:228 → 310

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family
NM_001287112.1 → NP_001274041.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 10 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001274041.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (6) lacks an in-frame, internal exon in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. This variant can initiate translation from non-AUG (CUG) site, and also from a downstream, in-frame AUG site. The isoform (10) represented in this RefSeq is derived from the AUG start codon and it is shorter at the N-terminus and lacks an internal segment, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AF222779, BC168708, CO565920, JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q64FZ6

Related

ENSRNOP00000047820.4, ENSRNOT00000042790.5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00141
Location:49 → 131

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family
NM_001287113.1 → NP_001274042.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 11

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001274042.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (7) lacks an internal exon in the 5' region, which results in translation initiation at a downstream AUG site, and an in-frame, internal coding exon, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (11) is shorter at the N-terminus and lacks an internal segment, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AY378102, BC168708, CO565920, JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6JIV1, C9DRV0

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00141
Location:7 → 89

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family

pfam14554
Location:95 → 148

VEGF_C; VEGF heparin-binding domain
NM_001287114.1 → NP_001274043.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 12

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001274043.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (8) lacks an internal exon in the 5' region, which results in translation initiation at a downstream AUG site, and two consecutive in-frame exons in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (12) is shorter at the N-terminus and lacks an internal segment, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AF215726, AY378102, BC168708, CO565920, JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6JIV5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00141
Location:7 → 89

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family
NM_001317043.1 → NP_001303972.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform Vegf-Ax precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) is identical to NM_001287108.1; however, it uses an alternative in-frame, downstream translation termination codon (UAA), which results in a longer, C-terminally extended isoform (Vegf-Ax) compared to isoform Vegf-A. Unlike isoform Vegf-A, which is proangiogenic, Vegf-Ax exhibits antiangiogenic activity. As the upstream UGA stop codon has been shown to be recoded as serine (PMID:24949972), its location in the Vegf-Ax isoform (aa 191) is denoted by an 'S'.

Source sequence(s)

BC168708, CO565920, JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B5DEK7

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00141
Location:49 → 131

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family

pfam14554
Location:142 → 190

VEGF_C; VEGF heparin-binding domain
NM_031836.3 → NP_114024.2 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript. This variant can initiate translation from non-AUG (CUG) site, and also from a downstream, in-frame AUG site. The isoform (1) represented in this RefSeq is derived from the CUG start codon and it is the longest isoform.

Source sequence(s)

AF215725, BC168708, CO565920, JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0H2UHY5

Related

ENSRNOP00000026637.5, ENSRNOT00000026637.9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00141
Location:228 → 310

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family

RNA

NR_105011.1 RNA Sequence

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (9) has an alternate splice site and lacks an internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).

Source sequence(s)

AY702972, BC168708, CO565920, JAXUCZ010000009

Related

ENSRNOT00000026559.7