Gpt glutamic--pyruvic transaminase [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Gptprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: glutamic--pyruvic transaminaseprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:621720
See related: Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000033915 AllianceGenome:RGD:621720
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: ALAT; Gpt1
Summary: Predicted to enable L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity and pyridoxal phosphate binding activity. Involved in cellular response to insulin stimulus; positive regulation of gluconeogenesis; and response to starvation. Located in extracellular space. Biomarker of acute kidney failure; myocardial infarction; obstructive jaundice; and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Orthologous to human GPT (glutamic--pyruvic transaminase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Expression: Biased expression in Liver (RPKM 322.2), Lung (RPKM 201.4) and 8 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 7q34

Exon count:: 12

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	7	NC_086025.1 (110295599..110300134)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	7	NC_051342.1 (108416646..108419495)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	7	NC_005106.4 (117759083..117761932)

Chromosome 7 - NC_086025.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Results indicate that AZD4619 increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT1) protein expression in a dose-dependent manner in human, but not in rat hepatocytes.
Title: The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α agonist, AZD4619, induces alanine aminotransferase-1 gene and protein expression in human, but not in rat hepatocytes: Correlation with serum ALT levels.
Data suggest that both Alt1 and Alt2 are induced in liver during gluconeogenesis and in diabetes (Goto-Kakizaki rats); in hepatocytes, both Alt1 and Alt2 are induced by glucocorticoid dexamethasone and are suppressed by insulin.
Title: Hepatic ALT isoenzymes are elevated in gluconeogenic conditions including diabetes and suppressed by insulin at the protein level.
Although ALT and GMT activities and TNF-alpha and IL-6 concentrations were higher in male rats histopathological findings have shown slightly more advanced fibrotic and inflammatory changes in female rats.
Title: The differences in selected biochemical markers and histological findings after bile duct ligation in male and female rats.
Protein levels are significantly elevated and correlate with activity, providing the molecular basis for the elevated total serum enzyme activity in liver toxicity.
Title: Alanine aminotransferase isoenzymes: molecular cloning and quantitative analysis of tissue expression in rats and serum elevation in liver toxicity.
Report the early effects of short-term dexamethasone administration on hepatic and serum alanine aminotransferase in the rat.
Title: The early effects of short-term dexamethasone administration on hepatic and serum alanine aminotransferase in the rat.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables pyridoxal phosphate binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables pyridoxal phosphate binding	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables transaminase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables transferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in L-alanine catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to insulin stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of gluconeogenesis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to nutrient levels	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to starvation	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: alanine aminotransferase 1

Names: ALT1; GPT 1; glutamate pyruvate transaminase 1; glutamic pyruvate transaminase; glutamic pyruvic transaminase (alanine aminotrasferase); glutamic pyruvic transaminase 1, soluble; glutamic--alanine transaminase 1; glutamic--pyruvic transaminase 1; glutamic-pyruvate transaminase (alanine aminotransferase)

NP_112301.1

EC 2.6.1.2

XP_063120365.1

EC 2.6.1.2

XP_063120366.1

EC 2.6.1.2

XP_063120367.1

EC 2.6.1.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_031039.2 → NP_112301.1 alanine aminotransferase 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_112301.1

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000007

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P25409, Q4V7F7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HSC5, A6HSC6

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd00609
Location:98 → 473

AAT_like; Aspartate aminotransferase family. This family belongs to pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent aspartate aminotransferase superfamily (fold I). Pyridoxal phosphate combines with an alpha-amino acid to form a compound called a Schiff base or aldimine ...

PTZ00377
Location:19 → 496

PTZ00377; alanine aminotransferase; Provisional

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086025.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

110295599..110300134

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_063264295.1 → XP_063120365.1 alanine aminotransferase 1 isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P25409, Q4V7F7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HSC5, A6HSC6
XM_063264296.1 → XP_063120366.1 alanine aminotransferase 1 isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P25409, Q4V7F7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HSC5, A6HSC6

Related

ENSRNOT00000050556.5
XM_063264297.1 → XP_063120367.1 alanine aminotransferase 1 isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P25409, Q4V7F7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HSC5, A6HSC6