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NANOG Nanog homeobox [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 79923, updated on 25-Nov-2025
Official Symbol
NANOGprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
Nanog homeoboxprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:20857
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000111704 MIM:607937; AllianceGenome:HGNC:20857
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a DNA binding homeobox transcription factor involved in embryonic stem (ES) cell proliferation, renewal, and pluripotency. The encoded protein can block ES cell differentiation and can also autorepress its own expression in differentiating cells. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
Expression
Low expression observed in reference dataset See more
Orthologs
mouse all
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Try the new Transcript table
See NANOG in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
12p13.31
Exon count:
4
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (7789402..7799146)
RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (7803995..7813735)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (7941998..7951742)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak1561 silencer Neighboring gene C-type lectin domain family 4 member C Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 5920 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 5921 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 5922 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:7918923-7919522 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:7919523-7920122 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr12:7924892-7925059 Neighboring gene NANOG neighbor homeobox Neighboring gene NANOG 5' regulatory region Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:7950942-7951507 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:7951508-7952074 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:7954393-7954894 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:7957389-7957910 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:7957911-7958430 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4204 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:7960397-7960896 Neighboring gene solute carrier family 2 member 14 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:7978921-7979457 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:7986285-7986785 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:7991923-7992596 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:7994866-7995750 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr12:8003712-8004911 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:8012389-8013184 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:8013185-8013979 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak1563 silencer Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:8016225-8016726 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein S20 pseudogene 29 Neighboring gene myosin light chain 9 pseudogene

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Related articles in PubMed

  1. E‑cadherin regulates proliferation of colorectal cancer stem cells through NANOG. Tamura S, et al. Oncol Rep, 2018 Aug. PMID 29845283, Free PMC Article
  2. NANOG overexpression and its correlation with stem cell and differentiation markers in meningiomas of different WHO grades. Freitag D, et al. Mol Carcinog, 2017 Aug. PMID 28345785
  3. Nanog: a potential biomarker for liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. Xu F, et al. Dig Dis Sci, 2012 Sep. PMID 22562535
  4. Implication of expression of Nanog in prostate cancer cells and their stem cells. Gong C, et al. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci, 2012 Apr. PMID 22528228
  5. Identification of a putative nuclear export signal motif in human NANOG homeobox domain. Park SW, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2012 May 11. PMID 22516749

See all (341) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Secreted factors from M1 macrophages drive prostate cancer stem cell plasticity by upregulating NANOG, SOX2, and CD44 through NFkappaB-signaling.
    Title: Secreted factors from M1 macrophages drive prostate cancer stem cell plasticity by upregulating NANOG, SOX2, and CD44 through NFκB-signaling.
  2. [High expression of the stemness-associated molecule Nanog in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues promotes tumor invasion and metastasis by activating the TGF-beta signaling pathway].
    Title: [High expression of the stemness-associated molecule Nanog in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues promotes tumor invasion and metastasis by activating the TGF-β signaling pathway].
  3. NANOG regulate the JAK/STAT3 pathway to promote trophoblast cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) through protein interaction with CDK1.
    Title: NANOG regulate the JAK/STAT3 pathway to promote trophoblast cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) through protein interaction with CDK1.
  4. Clinicopathologic Impact of NANOG, ZEB1, and EpCAM Biomarkers on Prognosis of Serous Ovarian Carcinoma.
    Title: Clinicopathologic Impact of NANOG, ZEB1, and EpCAM Biomarkers on Prognosis of Serous Ovarian Carcinoma.
  5. High NANOG expression correlates with worse patients' survival in esophageal adenocarcinoma.
    Title: High NANOG expression correlates with worse patients' survival in esophageal adenocarcinoma.
  6. Prognostic Implications of CD24, SOX2, and Nanog Expression in Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma.
    Title: Prognostic Implications of CD24, SOX2, and Nanog Expression in Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma.
  7. SOX9 and HMGB3 co-operatively transactivate NANOG and promote prostate cancer progression.
    Title: SOX9 and HMGB3 co-operatively transactivate NANOG and promote prostate cancer progression.
  8. Immunoexpression of stem cell markers SOX-2, NANOG AND OCT4 in ameloblastoma.
    Title: Immunoexpression of stem cell markers SOX-2, NANOG AND OCT4 in ameloblastoma.
  9. Niche stiffness sustains cancer stemness via TAZ and NANOG phase separation.
    Title: Niche stiffness sustains cancer stemness via TAZ and NANOG phase separation.
  10. NANOGP1, a tandem duplicate of NANOG, exhibits partial functional conservation in human naive pluripotent stem cells.
    Title: NANOGP1, a tandem duplicate of NANOG, exhibits partial functional conservation in human naïve pluripotent stem cells.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (310)

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables DNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISA
Inferred from Sequence Alignment
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in cell differentiation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in cell differentiation IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within endodermal cell fate specification IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of stem cell proliferation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of cell differentiation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of gene expression IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in somatic stem cell population maintenance IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in stem cell population maintenance IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in stem cell population maintenance IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in stem cell population maintenance ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in chromatin ISA
Inferred from Sequence Alignment
more info
  
located_in nucleolus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleus IC
Inferred by Curator
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Preferred Names
homeobox protein NANOG
Names
homeobox transcription factor Nanog
homeobox transcription factor Nanog-delta 48

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001297698.2 → NP_001284627.1  homeobox protein NANOG isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001284627.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 3' coding region compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) is shorter than isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC006517, AI656990, AY578089, DC425336
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS73436.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K4D1
    Related
    ENSP00000435288.1, ENST00000526286.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    smart00389
    Location:95 → 151
    HOX; Homeodomain

  2. NM_024865.4 → NP_079141.2  homeobox protein NANOG isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_079141.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC006517, AI656990, AK290896, DC425336
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS31736.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    D3DUU4, Q2TTG0, Q6JZS5, Q9H9S0
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K4D1
    Related
    ENSP00000229307.4, ENST00000229307.9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00389
    Location:95 → 151
    HOX; Homeodomain
    COG5576
    Location:74 → 191
    COG5576; Homeodomain-containing transcription factor [Transcription]

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    7789402..7799146
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    7803995..7813735
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9H9S0.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9H9S0

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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