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TLR3 toll like receptor 3 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 7098, updated on 9-Dec-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
TLR3provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
toll like receptor 3provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:11849
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000164342 MIM:603029; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11849
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
CD283; IIAE2; IMD83
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This receptor is most abundantly expressed in placenta and pancreas, and is restricted to the dendritic subpopulation of the leukocytes. It recognizes dsRNA associated with viral infection, and induces the activation of NF-kappaB and the production of type I interferons. It thus plays a role in host defense against multiple viruses. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2021]
Annotation information
Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in immune response or antiviral activity.
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in duodenum (RPKM 5.4), small intestine (RPKM 5.0) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See TLR3 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4q35.1
Exon count:
5
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (186069156..186088073)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (189409568..189428483)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (186990310..187009227)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900830 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900829 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr4:186948264-186949463 Neighboring gene RNA, U4 small nuclear 64, pseudogene Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15857 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900171 Neighboring gene family with sequence similarity 149 member A Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22266 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:187064906-187065406 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:187065407-187065907 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr4:187069874-187071073 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr4:187071092-187071287 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:187079637-187080136 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein SA pseudogene 70

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

HIV-1 interactions

Replication interactions

Interaction Pubs
HIV-1 replication is restricted by TLR3 stimulation in Langerhans cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables double-stranded RNA binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables double-stranded RNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables double-stranded RNA binding NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables pattern recognition receptor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables signaling receptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables transmembrane signaling receptor activity NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in I-kappaB phosphorylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in JNK cascade IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to exogenous dsRNA IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to interferon-beta IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to mechanical stimulus IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to type II interferon IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to virus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in defense response to bacterium TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in defense response to virus IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
PubMed 
involved_in defense response to virus TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in detection of virus NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in hyperosmotic response NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in inflammatory response to wounding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in innate immune response TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in male gonad development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in microglial cell activation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in necroptotic signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of JNK cascade IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of chemokine production IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of inflammatory response IC
Inferred by Curator
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of interferon-alpha production IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of interferon-beta production IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of interferon-beta production IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of interferon-beta production ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-12 production ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-6 production IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of interleukin-8 production IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of type II interferon production IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of type III interferon production IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to dsRNA IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to exogenous dsRNA IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in signal transduction TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in toll-like receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in type III interferon production IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in Golgi membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
NOT located_in cell surface IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
is_active_in early endosome IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in endolysosome membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
is_active_in endosome membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
located_in endosome membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
is_active_in extracellular matrix IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
is_active_in extracellular space IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in lysosomal membrane HDA PubMed 
located_in membrane NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_007278.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5001..20944
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_117

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_003265.3NP_003256.1  toll-like receptor 3 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003256.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC104070, BC096333, BU624267, DA374150, U88879
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3846.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2RAI7, B7Z7K0, E6Y0F0, E6Y0F1, E9PGH4, O15455, Q4VAL2, Q504W0
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6PCD4
    Related
    ENSP00000296795.3, ENST00000296795.8
    Conserved Domains (7) summary
    smart00082
    Location:645697
    LRRCT; Leucine rich repeat C-terminal domain
    smart00255
    Location:755900
    TIR; Toll - interleukin 1 - resistance
    PLN00113
    Location:72542
    PLN00113; leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase; Provisional
    sd00033
    Location:3352
    LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    pfam01462
    Location:2850
    LRRNT; Leucine rich repeat N-terminal domain
    pfam13855
    Location:562622
    LRR_8; Leucine rich repeat
    pfam17968
    Location:698730
    Tlr3_TMD; Toll-like receptor 3 trans-membrane domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    186069156..186088073
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    189409568..189428483
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)