Mtln mitoregulin [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Mtlnprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: mitoregulinprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:1915135
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000051319 AllianceGenome:MGI:1915135
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Mpm; Moxi; 1500011K16Rik
Summary: Involved in several processes, including positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation; positive regulation of sequestering of calcium ion; and striated muscle cell differentiation. Located in mitochondrial inner membrane. Is integral component of mitochondrial inner membrane. Is expressed in Meckel's cartilage; axial skeleton; esophagus; and retina nuclear layer. Orthologous to human MTLN (mitoregulin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in subcutaneous fat pad adult (RPKM 40.0), ovary adult (RPKM 36.9) and 28 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2; 2 F1

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
109	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	2	NC_000068.8 (127633302..127634408, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	2	NC_000068.7 (127791382..127792488, complement)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000068.8 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Mitoregulin Controls beta-Oxidation in Human and Mouse Adipocytes.
Title: Mitoregulin Controls β-Oxidation in Human and Mouse Adipocytes.
micropeptide in mitochondria (MPM) may promote myogenic differentiation and muscle fiber growth by enhancing mitochondrial respiratory activity, which highlights the importance of micropeptides in the elaborate regulatory network of both myogenesis and mitochondrial activity.
Title: A novel mitochondrial micropeptide MPM enhances mitochondrial respiratory activity and promotes myogenic differentiation.
Mtln overexpression increases mitochondrial membrane potential, respiration rates, and Ca(2+) retention capacity while decreasing mitochondrial ROS and matrix-free Ca(2+). Mtln-knockout mice display perturbations in mitochondrial respiratory (super)complex formation and activity, fatty acid oxidation, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes, and Ca(2+) retention capacity.
Title: Mitoregulin: A lncRNA-Encoded Microprotein that Supports Mitochondrial Supercomplexes and Respiratory Efficiency.
MOXI overexpression leads to enhanced beta-oxidation. Hearts from MOXI knockout mice preferentially oxidize carbohydrates over fatty acids in an isolated perfused heart system compared to wild-type.
Title: MOXI Is a Mitochondrial Micropeptide That Enhances Fatty Acid β-Oxidation.
Interaction of Mtln with NADH-dependent cytochrome b5 reductase stimulates complex I functioning most likely by providing a favorable lipid composition of the membrane.
Title: LINC00116 codes for a mitochondrial peptide linking respiration and lipid metabolism.

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Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (4) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:492322

RH126827 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:207395

Homology

Orthologs from Annotation Pipeline: 191 organisms have orthologs with human gene Mtln

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cellular lipid metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular respiration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in fatty acid beta-oxidation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of sequestering of calcium ion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of sequestering of calcium ion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of sequestering of calcium ion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in striated muscle cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in triglyceride homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrial inner membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: mitoregulin

Names: lncRNA-encoded micropeptide; micropeptide in mitochondria; micropeptide regulator of beta-oxidation; small integral membrane protein 37

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001384135.1 → NP_001371064.1 mitoregulin

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AL844204

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q8BT35

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8C6HHC8

Related

ENSMUSP00000141107.2, ENSMUST00000135091.2

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Mus musculus Annotation Release 109 details...

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000068.8 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Range

127633302..127634408 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

NM_175125.2: Suppressed sequence

Description

NM_175125.2: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate, and because there is no support for the predicted protein.