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CXCL11 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 6373, updated on 9-Jun-2025
Official Symbol
CXCL11provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:10638
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000169248 MIM:604852; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10638
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
IP9; H174; IP-9; b-R1; I-TAC; SCYB11; SCYB9B
Summary
Chemokines are a group of small (approximately 8 to 14 kD), mostly basic, structurally related molecules that regulate cell trafficking of various types of leukocytes through interactions with a subset of 7-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptors. Chemokines also play fundamental roles in the development, homeostasis, and function of the immune system, and they have effects on cells of the central nervous system as well as on endothelial cells involved in angiogenesis or angiostasis. Chemokines are divided into 2 major subfamilies, CXC and CC. This antimicrobial gene is a CXC member of the chemokine superfamily. Its encoded protein induces a chemotactic response in activated T-cells and is the dominant ligand for CXC receptor-3. The gene encoding this protein contains 4 exons and at least three polyadenylation signals which might reflect cell-specific regulation of expression. IFN-gamma is a potent inducer of transcription of this gene. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]
Expression
Broad expression in appendix (RPKM 6.2), lymph node (RPKM 5.0) and 21 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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See CXCL11 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4q21.1
Exon count:
4
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (76033682..76036070, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (79374343..79376731, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (76954835..76957223, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene SDAD1 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:76932273-76932917 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21624 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21625 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:76938237-76938736 Neighboring gene C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 Neighboring gene ADP-ribosyltransferase 3 (inactive) Neighboring gene C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L36 pseudogene 8 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:77016693-77017194 Neighboring gene nucleoporin 54 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21626

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr upregulates the expression of CXCL11 in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Clone Names

  • MGC102770

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables CXCR3 chemokine receptor binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables chemokine activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables chemokine activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables chemokine activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables cytokine activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables heparin binding IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in T cell chemotaxis IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cell-cell signaling TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in chemokine-mediated signaling pathway IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in chemotaxis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in chemotaxis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in chemotaxis TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in defense response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in immune response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in inflammatory response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in inflammatory response TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in killing of cells of another organism IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of cell population proliferation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in signal transduction TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in extracellular region IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in extracellular region TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in extracellular space IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Preferred Names
C-X-C motif chemokine 11
Names
beta-R1
chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11
interferon gamma-inducible protein 9
interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant
small inducible cytokine B11
small inducible cytokine subfamily B (Cys-X-Cys), member 11
small inducible cytokine subfamily B (Cys-X-Cys), member 9B

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001302123.2NP_001289052.1  C-X-C motif chemokine 11 isoform 2 precursor

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate splice junction in the 3' coding region compared to variant 1, that causes a frameshift. The resulting isoform (2) has a longer and distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AL703031, BP289021, U66096
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O14625
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd00273
    Location:2887
    Chemokine_CXC; 1 of 4 subgroup designations based on the arrangement of the two N-terminal cysteine residues; includes a number of secreted growth factors and interferons involved in mitogenic, chemotactic, and inflammatory activity; many members contain an RCxC motif ...
  2. NM_005409.5NP_005400.1  C-X-C motif chemokine 11 isoform 1 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005400.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    BP289021, U66096
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3574.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O14625, Q53YA3, Q92840
    Related
    ENSP00000306884.3, ENST00000306621.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd00273
    Location:2890
    Chemokine_CXC; 1 of 4 subgroup designations based on the arrangement of the two N-terminal cysteine residues; includes a number of secreted growth factors and interferons involved in mitogenic, chemotactic, and inflammatory activity; many members contain an RCxC motif ...

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    76033682..76036070 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    79374343..79376731 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)