REST RE1 silencing transcription factor [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: RESTprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: RE1 silencing transcription factorprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:9966
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000084093 MIM:600571; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9966
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: WT6; XBR; HGF5; NRSF; DFNA27; GINGF5
Summary: This gene was initially identified as a transcriptional repressor that represses neuronal genes in non-neuronal tissues. However, depending on the cellular context, this gene can act as either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor. The encoded protein is a member of the Kruppel-type zinc finger transcription factor family. It represses transcription by binding a DNA sequence element called the neuron-restrictive silencer element. The protein is also found in undifferentiated neuronal progenitor cells and it is thought that this repressor may act as a master negative regulator of neurogenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, May 2018]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 9.2), testis (RPKM 8.5) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 4q12

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2025_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	4	NC_000004.12 (56907900..56935844)
RS_2025_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	4	NC_060928.1 (60399324..60427254)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	4	NC_000004.11 (57774066..57802010)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

KIF15 promotes human glioblastoma progression under the synergistic transactivation of REST and P300.
Title: KIF15 promotes human glioblastoma progression under the synergistic transactivation of REST and P300.
Functional Analysis of RE1 Silencing Transcription Factor as a Putative Tumor Suppressor in Human Endometrial Cancer.
Title: Functional Analysis of RE1 Silencing Transcription Factor as a Putative Tumor Suppressor in Human Endometrial Cancer.
SMARCA4 controls state plasticity in small cell lung cancer through regulation of neuroendocrine transcription factors and REST splicing.
Title: SMARCA4 controls state plasticity in small cell lung cancer through regulation of neuroendocrine transcription factors and REST splicing.
REST Promotes Autophagy in Gastric Cancer by Transcriptionally Activating FABP6 to Inhibit the Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway.
Title: REST Promotes Autophagy in Gastric Cancer by Transcriptionally Activating FABP6 to Inhibit the Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway.
REST-dependent downregulation of von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor promotes autophagy in SHH-medulloblastoma.
Title: REST-dependent downregulation of von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor promotes autophagy in SHH-medulloblastoma.
Neuronal differentiation requires BRAT1 complex to remove REST from chromatin.
Title: Neuronal differentiation requires BRAT1 complex to remove REST from chromatin.
Impaired neural stress resistance and loss of REST in bipolar disorder.
Title: Impaired neural stress resistance and loss of REST in bipolar disorder.
Analysis of REST binding sites with canonical and non-canonical motifs in human cell lines.
Title: Analysis of REST binding sites with canonical and non-canonical motifs in human cell lines.
A neurodegeneration checkpoint mediated by REST protects against the onset of Alzheimer's disease.
Title: A neurodegeneration checkpoint mediated by REST protects against the onset of Alzheimer's disease.
REST Is Not Resting: REST/NRSF in Health and Disease.
Title: REST Is Not Resting: REST/NRSF in Health and Disease.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (200)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 27 MedGen: C3887929 OMIM: 612431 GeneReviews: Not available	Compare labs
Fibromatosis, gingival, 5 MedGen: C4539942 OMIM: 617626 GeneReviews: Not available	Compare labs
Wilms tumor 6 MedGen: C3891301 OMIM: 616806 GeneReviews: Wilms Tumor Predisposition	Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genetic variant near the PMAIP1/Noxa gene is associated with increased bleomycin sensitivity. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association study identifies two susceptibility loci for exudative age-related macular degeneration in the Japanese population. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of adult height in East Asians identifies 17 novel loci. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

STS-U22314 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:3382

SHGC-59569 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:3474

SHGC-35370 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:154

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:168889

RH65065 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:86751

REST__5483 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:463860

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables chromatin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables chromatin binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables identical protein binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables sequence-specific DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables zinc ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in auditory receptor cell stereocilium organization	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in cellular response to electrical stimulus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to stress	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in chromatin remodeling	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sound	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in host-mediated suppression of viral transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in modification of synaptic structure	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of amniotic stem cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of cortisol biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of dense core granule biogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of insulin secretion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of miRNA transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of neurogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of neurogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of neuron differentiation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of neuron differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of neuron differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of neuron differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in nervous system process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuromuscular process controlling balance	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in neuronal stem cell population maintenance	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in neuronal stem cell population maintenance	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of neuron differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of neuron differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of programmed cell death	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of stem cell population maintenance	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of gene expression	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of osteoblast differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of osteoblast differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in response to hypoxia	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to ischemia	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in response to stress	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in somatic stem cell population maintenance	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in somatic stem cell population maintenance	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
part_of transcription repressor complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of transcription repressor complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of transcription repressor complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: RE1-silencing transcription factor

Names: neural-restrictive silencer factor; neuron restrictive silencer factor; repressor binding to the X2 box

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_029447.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5025..32969

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001193508.2 → NP_001180437.1 RE1-silencing transcription factor isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001180437.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC069307

Consensus CDS

CCDS3509.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A2RUE0, B9EGJ0, Q12956, Q12957, Q13127, Q13134, Q59ER1, Q8IWI3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A6Q8PH19

Related

ENSP00000601587.1, ENST00000931528.1

Conserved Domains (4) summary

COG5048
Location:302 → 381

COG5048; FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only]

sd00017
Location:278 → 298

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam13465
Location:318 → 343

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain

cl28087
Location:599 → 767

FtsK; DNA segregation ATPase FtsK/SpoIIIE and related proteins [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
NM_001363453.3 → NP_001350382.1 RE1-silencing transcription factor isoform 1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC069307

Consensus CDS

CCDS3509.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A2RUE0, B9EGJ0, Q12956, Q12957, Q13127, Q13134, Q59ER1, Q8IWI3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A6Q8PH19

Related

ENSP00000502313.1, ENST00000675105.1

Conserved Domains (4) summary

COG5048
Location:302 → 381

COG5048; FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only]

sd00017
Location:278 → 298

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam13465
Location:318 → 343

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain

cl28087
Location:599 → 767

FtsK; DNA segregation ATPase FtsK/SpoIIIE and related proteins [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
NM_001440532.1 → NP_001427461.1 RE1-silencing transcription factor isoform 2

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC069307

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A1W2PQA1, A0A6Q8PH19

Related

ENSP00000492006.2, ENST00000638187.2
NM_001440533.1 → NP_001427462.1 RE1-silencing transcription factor isoform 2

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC069307

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A1W2PQA1, A0A6Q8PH19

Related

ENSP00000616754.1, ENST00000946695.1
NM_005612.5 → NP_005603.3 RE1-silencing transcription factor isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005603.3

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC069307, BC136491

Consensus CDS

CCDS3509.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A2RUE0, B9EGJ0, Q12956, Q12957, Q13127, Q13134, Q59ER1, Q8IWI3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A6Q8PH19

Related

ENSP00000311816.7, ENST00000309042.12

Conserved Domains (4) summary

COG5048
Location:302 → 381

COG5048; FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only]

sd00017
Location:278 → 298

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam13465
Location:318 → 343

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain

cl28087
Location:599 → 767

FtsK; DNA segregation ATPase FtsK/SpoIIIE and related proteins [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]