U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

PARP11 poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 11 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 57097, updated on 11-Jun-2025
Official Symbol
PARP11provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 11provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:1186
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000111224 MIM:616706; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1186
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
ARTD11; MIB006; C12orf6
Summary
Enables NAD+ poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity and NAD+-protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. Involved in protein auto-ADP-ribosylation. Located in cytosol; nuclear body; and nuclear envelope. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jun 2025]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in prostate (RPKM 3.6), testis (RPKM 3.6) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table
See PARP11 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
12p13.32
Exon count:
10
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (3808861..3873399, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (3815532..3880061, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (3918027..3982565, complement)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene calcium release activated channel regulator 2A Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4141 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:3842402-3843030 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 174, pseudogene Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4142 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107984495 Neighboring gene OTUD4 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4143 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:3983535-3984054 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:3983014-3983534 Neighboring gene PARP11 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105369608 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4053989-4054502 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4099402-4099924 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4099925-4100447 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4127463-4128060 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4128061-4128656 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4132239-4132836 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4132837-4133432 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4134031-4134626 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4134627-4135224 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 3141

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Common genetic variation and performance on standardized cognitive tests.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association analyses in East Asians identify new susceptibility loci for colorectal cancer.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide contribution of genotype by environment interaction to variation of diabetes-related traits.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Clone Names

  • DKFZp779H0122

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in cell differentiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in mRNA transport IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within nuclear envelope organization IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in protein auto-ADP-ribosylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in protein transport IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in spermatogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 
located_in nuclear body IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 
located_in nuclear envelope IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
part_of nuclear pore IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in nucleus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Preferred Names
protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11
Names
ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 11
poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 11
NP_001273450.1
NP_001273451.1
NP_065100.2
XP_047285131.1
XP_047285132.1
XP_054228580.1
XP_054228581.1

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001286521.2NP_001273450.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform b

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001273450.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an exon in the 5' coding region and initiates translation at an alternate downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (b) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform 1. Variants 2 and 3 encode the same isoform (b).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC006207, AK299372, BX953946
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS66281.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9NR21
    Related
    ENSP00000405385.3, ENST00000447133.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd01439
    Location:120256
    TCCD_inducible_PARP_like; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases catalyse the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to itself and to a limited number of other DNA binding proteins, which decreases their affinity for DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a regulatory component ...
  2. NM_001286522.2NP_001273451.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform b

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001273451.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) contains an alternate exon and lacks an exon in the 5' coding region, and initiates translation at an alternate downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (b) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform 1. Variants 2 and 3 encode the same isoform (b).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC005842, AC006207, BX953946
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS66281.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9NR21
    Related
    ENSP00000397058.2, ENST00000427057.6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd01439
    Location:120256
    TCCD_inducible_PARP_like; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases catalyse the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to itself and to a limited number of other DNA binding proteins, which decreases their affinity for DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a regulatory component ...
  3. NM_020367.6NP_065100.2  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform a

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_065100.2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC006207, BC017569, BX953946
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8523.2
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B4DRQ0, F8WBZ7, Q68DS1, Q8N5Y9, Q9NR21
    Related
    ENSP00000228820.4, ENST00000228820.9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00678
    Location:34114
    WWE; Domain in Deltex and TRIP12 homologues. Possibly involved in regulation of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis
    cd01439
    Location:201337
    TCCD_inducible_PARP_like; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases catalyse the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to itself and to a limited number of other DNA binding proteins, which decreases their affinity for DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a regulatory component ...

RNA

  1. NR_104461.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) contains an alternate internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC006207, AK314916, BX953946
    Related
    ENST00000458162.6

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    3808861..3873399 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047429175.1XP_047285131.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform X1

    Related
    ENSP00000392392.1, ENST00000416739.5
  2. XM_047429176.1XP_047285132.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    G3V0I3
    Related
    ENSP00000395062.2, ENST00000453942.2

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    3815532..3880061 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054372605.1XP_054228580.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform X1

  2. XM_054372606.1XP_054228581.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    G3V0I3