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ACSS2 acyl-CoA synthetase short chain family member 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 55902, updated on 1-Oct-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
ACSS2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
acyl-CoA synthetase short chain family member 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:15814
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000131069 MIM:605832; AllianceGenome:HGNC:15814
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
ACS; ACSA; ACAS2; ACECS; AceCS1; dJ1161H23.1
Summary
This gene encodes a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the activation of acetate for use in lipid synthesis and energy generation. The protein acts as a monomer and produces acetyl-CoA from acetate in a reaction that requires ATP. Expression of this gene is regulated by sterol regulatory element-binding proteins, transcription factors that activate genes required for the synthesis of cholesterol and unsaturated fatty acids. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2009]
Expression
Broad expression in fat (RPKM 49.2), duodenum (RPKM 47.1) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See ACSS2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
20q11.22
Exon count:
22
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 20 NC_000020.11 (34874989..34927959)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 20 NC_060944.1 (36595583..36648613)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 20 NC_000020.10 (33462792..33515762)

Chromosome 20 - NC_000020.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene high mobility group box 3 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:33450836-33451387 Neighboring gene gamma-glutamyltransferase 7 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12849 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17768 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17769 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12850 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12851 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr20:33508643-33509842 Neighboring gene glutathione synthetase Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17770 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17771 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr20:33554901-33555058 Neighboring gene myosin heavy chain 7B Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:33568001-33568552 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:33571861-33572412 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:33573515-33574066 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:33574067-33574618 Neighboring gene microRNA 499a Neighboring gene microRNA 499b

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Clone Names

  • DKFZp762G026

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables AMP binding IC
Inferred by Curator
more info
PubMed 
enables ATP binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables acetate-CoA ligase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables acetate-CoA ligase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables acetate-CoA ligase activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
enables acetate-CoA ligase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
enables chromatin binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables propionate-CoA ligase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables transcription coactivator activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in acetate biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from acetate IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in ethanol catabolic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in lipid biosynthetic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in long-term memory ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in propionate biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in cytoplasm IC
Inferred by Curator
more info
PubMed 
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in mitochondrial matrix TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 

General protein information

Preferred Names
acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic
Names
acetate thiokinase
acetate-CoA ligase
acetyl-CoA synthetase 1
acetyl-Coenzyme A synthetase 2 (ADP forming)
acyl-activating enzyme
cytoplasmic acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase
propionate--CoA ligase
NP_001070020.2
NP_001229322.1
NP_061147.1
XP_005260512.1
XP_005260513.1
XP_011527207.1
XP_011527208.1
XP_011527209.1
XP_011527210.1
XP_011527211.1
XP_011527213.1
XP_047296249.1
XP_047296250.1
XP_054179667.1
XP_054179668.1
XP_054179669.1
XP_054179670.1
XP_054179671.1
XP_054179672.1
XP_054179673.1
XP_054179674.1
XP_054179675.1
XP_054179676.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_011520.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    6671..58018
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001076552.3NP_001070020.2  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) includes an alternate in-frame exon in the central coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a longer isoform (2), compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK092281, BC010141, DA411343
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS42868.2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
    Related
    ENSP00000253382.5, ENST00000253382.5
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd05966
    Location:51698
    ACS; Acetyl-CoA synthetase (also known as acetate-CoA ligase and acetyl-activating enzyme)
    PRK00174
    Location:31705
    PRK00174; acetyl-CoA synthetase; Provisional
  2. NM_001242393.2NP_001229322.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform 3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks a portion of the 5' coding region, and initiates translation at a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK000162, BC010141, DA626707
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6NLR6, Q4G0E8, Q6DKJ3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd05966
    Location:1590
    ACS; Acetyl-CoA synthetase (also known as acetate-CoA ligase and acetyl-activating enzyme)
    TIGR02188
    Location:2597
    Ac_CoA_lig_AcsA; acetate--CoA ligase
  3. NM_018677.4NP_061147.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform 1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the predominant isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    BC073846, DA411343
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS13243.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A6NE90, Q5QPH2, Q5QPH3, Q8N238, Q96EL0, Q9NQP7, Q9NR19, Q9UJ15
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
    Related
    ENSP00000353804.2, ENST00000360596.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd05966
    Location:45685
    ACS; Acetyl-CoA synthetase (also known as acetate-CoA ligase and acetyl-activating enzyme)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000020.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    34874989..34927959
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_011528909.3XP_011527211.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X7

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd05966
    Location:10671
    ACS; Acetyl-CoA synthetase (also known as acetate-CoA ligase and acetyl-activating enzyme)
    PRK00174
    Location:10678
    PRK00174; acetyl-CoA synthetase; Provisional
  2. XM_011528911.2XP_011527213.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X8

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd05966
    Location:10658
    ACS; Acetyl-CoA synthetase (also known as acetate-CoA ligase and acetyl-activating enzyme)
    PRK00174
    Location:10665
    PRK00174; acetyl-CoA synthetase; Provisional
  3. XM_047440293.1XP_047296249.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X9

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
  4. XM_047440294.1XP_047296250.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X10

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
  5. XM_011528905.2XP_011527207.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd05966
    Location:51721
    ACS; Acetyl-CoA synthetase (also known as acetate-CoA ligase and acetyl-activating enzyme)
    PRK00174
    Location:31728
    PRK00174; acetyl-CoA synthetase; Provisional
  6. XM_011528906.2XP_011527208.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd05966
    Location:51711
    ACS; Acetyl-CoA synthetase (also known as acetate-CoA ligase and acetyl-activating enzyme)
    PRK00174
    Location:31718
    PRK00174; acetyl-CoA synthetase; Provisional
  7. XM_011528907.2XP_011527209.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X3

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd05966
    Location:51708
    ACS; Acetyl-CoA synthetase (also known as acetate-CoA ligase and acetyl-activating enzyme)
    PRK00174
    Location:31715
    PRK00174; acetyl-CoA synthetase; Provisional
  8. XM_011528908.2XP_011527210.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X5

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd05966
    Location:51698
    ACS; Acetyl-CoA synthetase (also known as acetate-CoA ligase and acetyl-activating enzyme)
    PRK00174
    Location:31705
    PRK00174; acetyl-CoA synthetase; Provisional
  9. XM_005260455.3XP_005260512.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd05966
    Location:51708
    ACS; Acetyl-CoA synthetase (also known as acetate-CoA ligase and acetyl-activating enzyme)
    PRK00174
    Location:31715
    PRK00174; acetyl-CoA synthetase; Provisional
  10. XM_005260456.3XP_005260513.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X6

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd05966
    Location:51695
    ACS; Acetyl-CoA synthetase (also known as acetate-CoA ligase and acetyl-activating enzyme)
    PRK00174
    Location:31702
    PRK00174; acetyl-CoA synthetase; Provisional

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060944.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    36595583..36648613
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054323699.1XP_054179674.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X8

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
  2. XM_054323701.1XP_054179676.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X10

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
  3. XM_054323698.1XP_054179673.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X7

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
  4. XM_054323700.1XP_054179675.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X9

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
  5. XM_054323692.1XP_054179667.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
  6. XM_054323693.1XP_054179668.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
  7. XM_054323694.1XP_054179669.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X3

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
  8. XM_054323696.1XP_054179671.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X5

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
  9. XM_054323695.1XP_054179670.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3
  10. XM_054323697.1XP_054179672.1  acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, cytoplasmic isoform X6

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6DKJ3

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_139274.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_139274.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.