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PRKCA protein kinase C alpha [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5578, updated on 27-Nov-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
PRKCAprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
protein kinase C alphaprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9393
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000154229 MIM:176960; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9393
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
AAG6; PKCA; PRKACA; PKCI+/-; PKCalpha; PKC-alpha
Summary
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and the second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play a distinct role in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. This kinase has been reported to play roles in many different cellular processes, such as cell adhesion, cell transformation, cell cycle checkpoint, and cell volume control. Knockout studies in mice suggest that this kinase may be a fundamental regulator of cardiac contractility and Ca(2+) handling in myocytes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in brain (RPKM 12.7), adrenal (RPKM 6.5) and 22 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See PRKCA in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
17q24.2
Exon count:
24
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 17 NC_000017.11 (66302613..66810743)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 17 NC_060941.1 (67172339..67686559)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 17 NC_000017.10 (64298731..64806861)

Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 2592 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 14325 Neighboring gene apolipoprotein H Neighboring gene CRISPRi-validated cis-regulatory element chr17.4440 Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 444 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64299525-64300026 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 4334 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 10613 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64356585-64357085 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak2943 silencer Neighboring gene RNA, 7SL, cytoplasmic 735, pseudogene Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 12714 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64412459-64412958 Neighboring gene PRKCA antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr17:64429852-64430049 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak2944 silencer Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 12613 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 4299 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 12581 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 12614 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 12401 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64529308-64529848 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8864 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr17:64544955-64545137 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64547106-64547989 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64573678-64574638 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64597839-64598492 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64598493-64599144 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64640965-64642164 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 6976 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 928, pseudogene Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 445 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64672313-64673082 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64710611-64711307 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 12615 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64718354-64718855 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64726459-64727144 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64743608-64744108 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64778583-64779084 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:64803038-64803887 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs2613 Neighboring gene microRNA 634 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr17:64874747-64874957 Neighboring gene calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 5 Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 446

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide search for quantitative trait loci affecting the cortical surface area and thickness of Heschl's gyrus.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genetic association study of QT interval highlights role for calcium signaling pathways in myocardial repolarization.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genetics of coronary artery calcification among African Americans, a meta-analysis.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for posttraumatic stress disorder.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association study of body height in African Americans: the Women's Health Initiative SNP Health Association Resource (SHARe).
EBI GWAS Catalog

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120-treated vaginal epithelial cells show downregulation of protein kinase C, alpha (PRKCA) expression as compared to untreated control PubMed
env HIV-1 gp120 activates forward trafficking and surface clustering of NMDA receptors in membrane microdomains by a PKA-dependent phosphorylation of the NR1 C-terminal Ser897, followed by a PKC-dependent phosphorylation of Ser896 PubMed
env Down modulation of the interaction between HIV-1 gp120 and CD4 by TPA is blocked by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, suggesting PKC may play an important role in HIV-1 infection PubMed
env PKC-dependent pathway, particularly PKCalpha and PKCbeta1, requires HIV-1 gp120-mediated Rac-1 activation and membrane fusion PubMed
env c-FLIPL inhibits Bax activation via modulating PKC expression at the transcriptional level involving AP-2 during gp120 treatment PubMed
env Pre-treatment of endothelial cells with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) protects cells from HIV-1 gp120 angiotoxicity; this protection is regulated by crosstalk among the ERK, PI3K-AKT and PKC signaling pathways PubMed
env Induction of apoptosis in cell cultures through binding of HIV-1 gp120 or gp160 to CXCR4 involves protein kinase C, basic fibroblast growth factor, caspase-3, and the pro-apoptotic molecule Bax PubMed
env HIV-1 gp120 increases the levels of calcium-dependent and -independent PKC isozymes; the most striking change is observed in PKC-zeta isozyme levels PubMed
env A specific interaction between CD4 and HIV-1 gp120 is required for phosphorylation of CD4, which could involve protein kinase C PubMed
env IL-16 induces rapid translocation of PKC from the cytosol to the membrane in CD4+ cells; PKC inhibitors completely block IL-16-induced lymphocyte migration as well as the motile response induced by HIV-1 gp120 and anti-CD4 antibody binding to CD4 PubMed
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env HIV-1 gp160-induced Ca(2+) influx reduction is antagonized by an inhibitor acting especially on PKC alpha and PKC beta I; Western blotting analyses show that the cellular distribution of PKC alpha and -beta I are significantly modified by gp160 PubMed
env HIV-1 gp160-induced AP-1 complex formation is dependent upon protein tyrosine phosphorylation and is abolished by inhibitors of protein kinase C, but it is unaffected by calcium channel blockers or cyclosporine A PubMed
Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env A synthetic peptide corresponding to cytoplasmic domain residues 828-848 of HIV-1 gp41 inhibits pKC-catalysed phosphorylation of a protein substrate PubMed
env A synthetic peptide containing residues 581-597 from HIV-1 gp41 inhibits protein kinase C (pkC)-mediated phosphorylation of the CD3 gamma-chain in intact cells and directly inhibits partially purified pkC PubMed
Nef nef PKC activity and serine 6 in HIV-1 Nef are required for Nef-supported transcription, infectivity, and replication PubMed
nef Treatment of cells with protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors reduces HIV-1 Nef phosphorylation in vivo, and phosphorylation of Nef increases 8- to 12-fold after treatment with phorbol myristate acetate; these data indicate PKC phosphorylates Nef PubMed
nef Protein kinase C phosphorylates HIV-1 Nef at threonine 15 PubMed
Rev rev PKC has been shown to phosphorylate Rev in vitro, an effect associated with accelerated formation of an efficient RNA-binding conformation for Rev PubMed
Tat tat The gene expression of protein kinase C alpha subunit is significantly upregulated in both clade B and clade C Tat treated SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat downregulates the expression of protein kinase C, alpha (PRKCA) in human primary T cells PubMed
tat Phospholipase C/protein kinase C signaling pathway-dependent phosphorylation of p44/42 and JNK MAP kinases participates partially in IL-1beta induction by TAT PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat-peptide(48-60) inhibits protein kinase C alpha and protein kinase A in a concentration-dependent manner PubMed
tat Protein kinase C phosphorylates HIV-1 Tat on serine residue 46 PubMed
tat Protein kinase C is required for HIV-1 Tat-mediated transactivation of the viral LTR promoter, indicating protein kinase C regulates the process of HIV-1 transactivation and may play a role in the transition of HIV from latency to productive growth PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat activates protein kinase C, resulting in the induction of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 expression and the secretion of MCP-1 PubMed
matrix gag Protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylates HIV-1 Gag and Matrix on serine residue 111 resulting in a shift in localization of Matrix from the cytosol to the cellular membrane, suggesting a myristoyl-protein switch regulated by PKC phosphorylation PubMed
retropepsin gag-pol Phosphorylation of human recombinant vimentin by PKC inhibits the proteolytic processing of the vimentin head domain by HIV-1 protease PubMed
reverse transcriptase gag-pol HIV-1 RT heterodimer expressed in bacteria can be phosphorylated in vitro by several purified mammalian protein kinases including auto-activated protein kinase (PK), CKII, cytosolic protamine kinase (CPK), myelin basic protein kinase 1 (MBPK1), and PRKC PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Clone Names

  • MGC129900, MGC129901

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables ATP binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables calcium,diacylglycerol-dependent serine/threonine kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables calcium,diacylglycerol-dependent serine/threonine kinase activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
enables calcium,diacylglycerol-dependent serine/threonine kinase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables diacylglycerol binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
enables diacylglycerol-dependent serine/threonine kinase activity EXP
Inferred from Experiment
more info
PubMed 
enables diacylglycerol-dependent serine/threonine kinase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
enables diacylglycerol-dependent, calcium-independent serine/threonine kinase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables enzyme binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables histone H3T6 kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables integrin binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables zinc ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in angiogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in apoptotic signaling pathway TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cell adhesion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in chromatin remodeling IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in desmosome assembly IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in intracellular signal transduction IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in mitotic nuclear membrane disassembly TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of glial cell apoptotic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of angiotensin-activated signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of bone resorption ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of cell adhesion IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of dense core granule biogenesis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell migration IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of macrophage differentiation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in post-translational protein modification IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in protein phosphorylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of mRNA stability TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in regulation of platelet aggregation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in response to interleukin-1 IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of alphav-beta3 integrin-PKCalpha complex ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
is_active_in ciliary basal body IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
located_in mitochondrial membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in mitochondrion HDA PubMed 
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 

General protein information

Preferred Names
protein kinase C alpha type
Names
PKC-A
aging-associated gene 6
NP_002728.2
XP_016880325.1
XP_016880326.1
XP_024306597.1
XP_024306598.1
XP_047292344.1
XP_047292345.1
XP_054172616.1
XP_054172617.1
XP_054172618.1
XP_054172619.1
XP_054172620.1
XP_054172621.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_012206.2 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5002..513132
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_002737.3NP_002728.2  protein kinase C alpha type

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC005918, AC005988, AC006263, AC006947, AC009452
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11664.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B5BU22, P17252, Q15137, Q32M72, Q96RE4
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    L7RSM7, Q2TSD3
    Related
    ENSP00000408695.3, ENST00000413366.8
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd04026
    Location:159289
    C2_PKC_alpha_gamma; C2 domain in Protein Kinase C (PKC) alpha and gamma
    cd05615
    Location:328668
    STKc_cPKC_alpha; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Classical Protein Kinase C alpha
    pfam00130
    Location:3789
    C1_1; Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000017.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    66302613..66810743
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047436388.1XP_047292344.1  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X4

  2. XM_017024836.3XP_016880325.1  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q2TSD3
  3. XM_047436389.1XP_047292345.1  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X5

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    J3KRN5
    Related
    ENSP00000462087.1, ENST00000578063.5
  4. XM_017024837.2XP_016880326.1  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q2TSD3
  5. XM_024450830.2XP_024306598.1  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X3

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q2TSD3
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd04026
    Location:73203
    C2_PKC_alpha_gamma; C2 domain in Protein Kinase C (PKC) alpha and gamma
    cd05615
    Location:242582
    STKc_cPKC_alpha; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Classical Protein Kinase C alpha
    pfam00130
    Location:1668
    C1_1; Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain)
  6. XM_024450829.2XP_024306597.1  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X3

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q2TSD3
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd04026
    Location:73203
    C2_PKC_alpha_gamma; C2 domain in Protein Kinase C (PKC) alpha and gamma
    cd05615
    Location:242582
    STKc_cPKC_alpha; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Classical Protein Kinase C alpha
    pfam00130
    Location:1668
    C1_1; Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain)

RNA

  1. XR_007065315.1 RNA Sequence

  2. XR_007065317.1 RNA Sequence

  3. XR_007065316.1 RNA Sequence

  4. XR_001752558.2 RNA Sequence

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060941.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    67172339..67686559
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054316645.1XP_054172620.1  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X4

  2. XM_054316641.1XP_054172616.1  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1

  3. XM_054316646.1XP_054172621.1  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X5

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    J3KRN5
  4. XM_054316642.1XP_054172617.1  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X2

  5. XM_054316644.1XP_054172619.1  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X3

  6. XM_054316643.1XP_054172618.1  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X3

RNA

  1. XR_008484859.1 RNA Sequence

  2. XR_008484861.1 RNA Sequence

  3. XR_008484860.1 RNA Sequence

  4. XR_008484862.1 RNA Sequence