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PRKAA2 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5563, updated on 10-Oct-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
PRKAA2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9377
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000162409 MIM:600497; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9377
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
AMPK; AMPK2; PRKAA; AMPKa2
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a catalytic subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. Studies of the mouse counterpart suggest that this catalytic subunit may control whole-body insulin sensitivity and is necessary for maintaining myocardial energy homeostasis during ischemia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Biased expression in heart (RPKM 14.0), kidney (RPKM 6.8) and 8 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See PRKAA2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
1p32.2
Exon count:
10
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 1 NC_000001.11 (56645314..56715335)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 1 NC_060925.1 (56524182..56594202)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 1 NC_000001.10 (57110987..57181008)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene phospholipid phosphatase 3 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:57014771-57015346 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:57015922-57016496 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L21 pseudogene 23 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:57042654-57043221 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L23a pseudogene 85 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101929935 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:57230284-57230838 Neighboring gene FYN binding protein 2 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_8694 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_8756 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 1079 Neighboring gene complement C8 alpha chain

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
The combination of a genome-wide association study of lymphocyte count and analysis of gene expression data reveals novel asthma candidate genes.
EBI GWAS Catalog

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat-induced LTR transactivation is reversed by tanshinone II A through the AMPK-Nampt pathway PubMed
tat Knockdown of SIRT1 by its inhibitor or siRNA results in Tat-mediated reduction of phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and downstream acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) PubMed
Vif vif Protein kinase A (PKA) binds and phosphorylates A3G at Thr32 in vitro and in vivo. This phosphorylation event reduces the binding of A3G to Vif and its subsequent ubiquitination and degradation PubMed
Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr directly interacts with PKA and is phosphorylated at position Ser79 by PKA. PKA activity is necessary for virion-delivered Vpr cell cycle arrest PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables AMP-activated protein kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables AMP-activated protein kinase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables ATP binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables [hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables chromatin binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables histone H2AS1 kinase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables histone H2BS36 kinase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein kinase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
enables protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in Wnt signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in autophagy IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to calcium ion ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to glucose starvation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to glucose starvation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to glucose stimulus ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to nutrient levels IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to nutrient levels ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to nutrient levels NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to oxidative stress ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cholesterol biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in chromatin remodeling IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in energy homeostasis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in fatty acid biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in fatty acid homeostasis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in glucose homeostasis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in lipid biosynthetic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_positive_effect lipid droplet disassembly IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of TOR signaling IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of TOR signaling ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of TORC1 signaling IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of tubulin deacetylation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of autophagy ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of glycolytic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of macroautophagy TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-lysine acetylation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of protein localization ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in protein localization to lipid droplet IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in protein phosphorylation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in regulation of circadian rhythm ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of macroautophagy ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of stress granule assembly IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to muscle activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in rhythmic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in signal transduction TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in Golgi apparatus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 
located_in axon ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in cytoplasmic stress granule ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in dendrite ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
located_in neuronal cell body ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
located_in nuclear speck IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
part_of nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
part_of nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
part_of nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in nucleus TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 

General protein information

Preferred Names
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2
Names
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase, catalytic alpha-2 chain
ACACA kinase
AMPK alpha 2
AMPK subunit alpha-2
AMPK-alpha-2 chain
HMGCR kinase
acetyl-CoA carboxylase kinase
hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase kinase
protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 2 catalytic subunit
NP_006243.2
XP_016857182.1
XP_054193514.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_006252.4NP_006243.2  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_006243.2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC099789, AL035705, BC069740, BM979925, DA710012
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS605.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P54646, Q9H1E8, Q9UD43
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0MZF5, B2RA25
    Related
    ENSP00000360290.4, ENST00000371244.9
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd12200
    Location:395550
    AMPKA2_C; C-terminal regulatory domain of 5'-AMP-activated serine/threonine kinase, subunit alpha
    cd14404
    Location:285349
    UBA_AID_AAPK2; UBA-like autoinhibitory domain (AID) found in vertebrate 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 (AMPKalpha-2)
    cd14079
    Location:13268
    STKc_AMPK_alpha; Catalytic domain of the Alpha subunit of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, AMP-activated protein kinase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000001.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    56645314..56715335
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_017001693.2XP_016857182.1  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0MZF5
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd12200
    Location:305460
    AMPKA2_C; C-terminal regulatory domain of 5'-AMP-activated serine/threonine kinase, subunit alpha
    cd14404
    Location:195259
    UBA_AID_AAPK2; UBA-like autoinhibitory domain (AID) found in vertebrate 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 (AMPKalpha-2)
    cl21453
    Location:1178
    PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060925.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    56524182..56594202
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054337539.1XP_054193514.1  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1