Grik2 glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 2 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Grik2provided by RGD
Official Full Name: glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 2provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2733
See related: Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000000368 AllianceGenome:RGD:2733
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: GluK2; GluR6
Summary: Enables several functions, including PDZ domain binding activity; enzyme binding activity; and glutamate-gated receptor activity. Involved in several processes, including modulation of chemical synaptic transmission; positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process; and regulation of JNK cascade. Located in several cellular components, including dendrite cytoplasm; perikaryon; and terminal bouton. Part of ionotropic glutamate receptor complex. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Huntington's disease and autosomal recessive intellectual developmental disorder 6. Orthologous to human GRIK2 (glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Expression: Biased expression in Brain (RPKM 338.2), Uterus (RPKM 89.6) and 4 other tissues See more
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 20q13

Exon count:: 16

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	20	NC_086038.1 (53717564..54415283, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	20	NC_051355.1 (52135325..52833061, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	20	NC_005119.4 (53791428..54517691, complement)

Chromosome 20 - NC_086038.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

NETO2-GluK2 interaction contributes to postoperative pain hypersensitivity through inducing PKCgamma activation and synaptic incorporation of AMPA receptor GluR1 subunits in rat dorsal horn.
Title: NETO2-GluK2 interaction contributes to postoperative pain hypersensitivity through inducing PKCγ activation and synaptic incorporation of AMPA receptor GluR1 subunits in rat dorsal horn.
Intrathecal injection of ozone alleviates CCIinduced neuropathic pain via the GluR6NFkappaB/p65 signalling pathway in rats.
Title: Intrathecal injection of ozone alleviates CCI‑induced neuropathic pain via the GluR6‑NF‑κB/p65 signalling pathway in rats.
Neto1 and Neto2 differentially regulate GluK2 fast gating kinetics
Title: Neto proteins regulate gating of the kainate-type glutamate receptor GluK2 through two binding sites.
GluK2 overexpression promoted dendritic growth in pyramidal cells and interneurons.
Title: Development of Cortical Pyramidal Cell and Interneuronal Dendrites: a Role for Kainate Receptor Subunits and NETO1.
that activity-dependent regulation of ADAR2 proteostasis and GluK2 Q/R editing are key determinants of kainate receptors
Title: ADAR2-mediated Q/R editing of GluK2 regulates kainate receptor upscaling in response to suppression of synaptic activity.
Results showed that the S-nitrosylation of GluK2 plays an important role in neuronal injury of epileptic rats by forming GluK2-PSD95-nNOS signaling module in a cytoplasmic calcium-dependent way, suggesting a potential therapeutic target site for epilepsy.
Title: The role of S-nitrosylation of kainate-type of ionotropic glutamate receptor 2 in epilepsy induced by kainic acid.
In the CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cell, GluK2 traffics to the neuronal surface and synapse efficiently and the auxiliary subunits Neto1 and Neto2 caused no further enhancement of these two trafficking processes. GluK2 caused a more than 10-fold increase in synaptic transmission. It is the amino-terminal domains of GluK1 and GluK2 that control their strikingly different trafficking properties.
Title: Amino-terminal domains of kainate receptors determine the differential dependence on Neto auxiliary subunits for trafficking.
delivery of de novo kainate receptors is differentially regulated by modulation of GluK2 Q/R editing, PKC phosphorylation, and PDZ ligand interactions.
Title: Assembly, Secretory Pathway Trafficking, and Surface Delivery of Kainate Receptors Is Regulated by Neuronal Activity.
structure of the kainate receptor GluK2 subtype in its desensitized state by cryo-electron microscopy at 3.8 A resolution; desensitization is characterized by the establishment of a ring-like structure in the ligand-binding domain layer of the receptor
Title: Structural basis of kainate subtype glutamate receptor desensitization.
amino acids in the M3-S2 linker are critical determinants of desensitization and in part determine both the magnitude and the directionality of the Neto2 effects on KAR gating.
Title: Identification of critical functional determinants of kainate receptor modulation by auxiliary protein Neto2.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (45)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH134654 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:217933

D20Got44 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:112471

AU046653 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:111249

Grik2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143259

BF394244 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:244724

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables PDZ domain binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables SNARE binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables glutamate receptor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables glutamate-gated calcium ion channel activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables glutamate-gated calcium ion channel activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables glutamate-gated calcium ion channel activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables glutamate-gated receptor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables glutamate-gated receptor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables glutamate-gated receptor activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables glutamate-gated receptor activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables kainate selective glutamate receptor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables kainate selective glutamate receptor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables kainate selective glutamate receptor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables kainate selective glutamate receptor activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables monoatomic ion channel activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables scaffold protein binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables signaling receptor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables ubiquitin protein ligase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within behavioral fear response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in calcium-mediated signaling	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in chemical synaptic transmission	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within chemical synaptic transmission	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in detection of cold stimulus involved in thermoception	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in detection of cold stimulus involved in thermoception	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in detection of cold stimulus involved in thermoception	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within excitatory postsynaptic potential	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glutamate receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in glutamate receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glutamate receptor signaling pathway	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within inhibitory postsynaptic potential	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within intracellular calcium ion homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within intracellular protein transport	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in modulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in monoatomic ion transmembrane transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in monoatomic ion transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in neuron apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within neuronal action potential	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of synaptic transmission	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of synaptic transmission	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in receptor clustering	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of JNK cascade	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of membrane potential	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of membrane potential	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in axon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in dendrite	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in dendrite	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in dendrite cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in glutamatergic synapse	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
is_active_in hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of ionotropic glutamate receptor complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of kainate selective glutamate receptor complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of kainate selective glutamate receptor complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of kainate selective glutamate receptor complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
part_of kainate selective glutamate receptor complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in mossy fiber rosette	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in mossy fiber rosette	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in neuronal cell body	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in neuronal cell body	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in perikaryon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	EXP Inferred from Experiment more info	PubMed
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in postsynaptic density	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in postsynaptic density	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in postsynaptic density membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in postsynaptic membrane	EXP Inferred from Experiment more info	PubMed
located_in postsynaptic membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in postsynaptic membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in postsynaptic membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in presynaptic membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in presynaptic membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in presynaptic membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in synapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in terminal bouton	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in terminal bouton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 2

Names: gluR-6; glutamate receptor 6; glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_019309.2 → NP_062182.1 glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 2 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_062182.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

Z11548

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

F1M855

Related

ENSRNOP00000068172.1, ENSRNOT00000076234.3

Conserved Domains (4) summary

pfam00060
Location:562 → 831

Lig_chan; Ligand-gated ion channel

pfam01094
Location:52 → 395

ANF_receptor; Receptor family ligand binding region

cl10011
Location:34 → 414

Periplasmic_Binding_Protein_Type_1; Type 1 periplasmic binding fold superfamily

cl21456
Location:430 → 800

Periplasmic_Binding_Protein_Type_2; Type 2 periplasmic binding fold superfamily