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MYC MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 4609, updated on 8-Oct-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
MYCprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factorprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:7553
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000136997 MIM:190080; AllianceGenome:HGNC:7553
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
MRTL; MYCC; c-Myc; bHLHe39
Summary
This gene is a proto-oncogene and encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein that plays a role in cell cycle progression, apoptosis and cellular transformation. The encoded protein forms a heterodimer with the related transcription factor MAX. This complex binds to the E box DNA consensus sequence and regulates the transcription of specific target genes. Amplification of this gene is frequently observed in numerous human cancers. Translocations involving this gene are associated with Burkitt lymphoma and multiple myeloma in human patients. There is evidence to show that translation initiates both from an upstream, in-frame non-AUG (CUG) and a downstream AUG start site, resulting in the production of two isoforms with distinct N-termini. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in gall bladder (RPKM 49.6), esophagus (RPKM 44.6) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

See MYC in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
8q24.21
Exon count:
3
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 8 NC_000008.11 (127735434..127742951)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 8 NC_060932.1 (128862888..128870405)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 8 NC_000008.10 (128747680..128755197)

Chromosome 8 - NC_000008.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105375754 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128681305-128681805 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128717643-128718143 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128744882-128745383 Neighboring gene origin of replication upstream of MYC Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19530 Neighboring gene cancer susceptibility 11 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128754894-128756093 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128805180-128805750 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19533 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19532 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19531 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128806893-128807462 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128807463-128808034 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19534 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128814781-128815422 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128815423-128816064 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128816065-128816704 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 14038 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128821670-128822570 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128822571-128823470 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 15510 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128830247-128830786 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128832947-128833486 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128834567-128835106 Neighboring gene microRNA 1204 Neighboring gene Pvt1 oncogene Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr8:128858753-128858938 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128862019-128862636 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128864303-128865152 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128866418-128867617 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128879341-128879948 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128888845-128889392 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr8:128891961-128892128 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128893083-128893582 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27950 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27949 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27951 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 1737 Neighboring gene CRISPRi-validated MYC e1 enhancer Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128913423-128914077 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128916503-128917004 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128920055-128920986 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128920987-128921919 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128923753-128924342 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27953 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128932048-128932575 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128936915-128937414 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:128951647-128952169 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2912

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Burkitt lymphoma
MedGen: C0006413 OMIM: 113970 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A common variant at 8q24.21 is associated with renal cell cancer.
EBI GWAS Catalog
A genome-wide association study identifies susceptibility loci for ovarian cancer at 2q31 and 8q24.
EBI GWAS Catalog
A multi-stage genome-wide association study of bladder cancer identifies multiple susceptibility loci.
EBI GWAS Catalog
A sequence variant at 4p16.3 confers susceptibility to urinary bladder cancer.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genetic variation in prostate-specific antigen-detected prostate cancer and the effect of control selection on genetic association studies.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association scan for variants associated with early-onset prostate cancer.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association study identifies multiple risk loci for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association study identifies multiple susceptibility loci for diffuse large B cell lymphoma.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association study identifies multiple susceptibility loci for pancreatic cancer.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association study yields variants at 20p12.2 that associate with urinary bladder cancer.
EBI GWAS Catalog
GWAS meta-analysis and replication identifies three new susceptibility loci for ovarian cancer.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Identification of Genetic Susceptibility Loci for Colorectal Tumors in a Genome-Wide Meta-analysis.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Identification of susceptibility loci for colorectal cancer in a genome-wide meta-analysis.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Large-scale genotyping identifies 41 new loci associated with breast cancer risk.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies ten loci influencing allergic sensitization.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of adult height in East Asians identifies 17 novel loci.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Sequence variant on 8q24 confers susceptibility to urinary bladder cancer.
EBI GWAS Catalog

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 downregulates expression of c-Myc, Max, and 14-3-3epsilon proteins, and decreases phosphorylation of ATP-dependent tyrosine kinases (Akt) at Ser-473 in human mesangial cells (HMC) PubMed
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat induces polyubiquitination of MYC due to relocalizing TRIM32 into the nucleus of human neural precursor cells PubMed
tat SKIP recruits c-Myc and TRRAP to the HIV-1 Tat-activated LTR promoter. The c-Myc:TRRAP complex is repressive to HIV-1 transcription under UV stress PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat-activated expression of an LTR-driven CAT reporter is decreased by the presence of c-Myc in a dose-dependent fashion PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates c-myc transcription in certain B-cell lines, salivary gland cell lines, and A549 human bronco alveolar carcinoma cells PubMed
matrix gag HIV-1 MA increases phosphorylation and the DNA-binding activity of CREB and c-Myc through activation of the cAMP/PKA and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. Both signaling pathways are synergistically activated upon co-stimulation through the CD19 receptor PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DNA binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables DNA binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISA
Inferred from Sequence Alignment
more info
 
enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
enables E-box binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
enables SCF ubiquitin ligase complex binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein dimerization activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables protein-containing complex binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables transcription coregulator binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in DNA damage response IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in MAPK cascade IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to UV IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to hypoxia IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in chromatin remodeling IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in chromosome organization IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in fibroblast apoptotic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in intracellular iron ion homeostasis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of cell division IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_positive_effect negative regulation of gene expression via chromosomal CpG island methylation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of monocyte differentiation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cell population proliferation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of metanephric cap mesenchymal cell proliferation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of miRNA transcription IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of telomere maintenance ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in protein-DNA complex disassembly IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of rRNA metabolic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of cell cycle process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of gene expression IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of somatic stem cell population maintenance ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of telomere maintenance IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in response to gamma radiation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in response to growth factor TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of Myc-Max complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
part_of RNA polymerase II transcription repressor complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
located_in chromatin IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
located_in chromatin ISA
Inferred from Sequence Alignment
more info
 
located_in cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in nucleolus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in nucleus NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
part_of protein-containing complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 

General protein information

Preferred Names
myc proto-oncogene protein
Names
avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog
class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 39
myc-related translation/localization regulatory factor
proto-oncogene c-Myc
transcription factor p64
v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog
v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_007161.2 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5798..12518
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_1397

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001354870.1NP_001341799.1  myc proto-oncogene protein isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC103819, EH335289, K02276, M13930
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS87627.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B4E1N7
    Related
    ENSP00000430235.2, ENST00000524013.2
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd00083
    Location:369425
    HLH; Helix-loop-helix domain, found in specific DNA- binding proteins that act as transcription factors; 60-100 amino acids long. A DNA-binding basic region is followed by two alpha-helices separated by a variable loop region; HLH forms homo- and heterodimers, ...
    pfam01056
    Location:20359
    Myc_N; Myc amino-terminal region
    pfam02344
    Location:422452
    Myc-LZ; Myc leucine zipper domain
  2. NM_002467.6NP_002458.2  myc proto-oncogene protein isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002458.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC103819
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS6359.2
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A0A024R9L7, A0A087WUS5, A8WFE7, H0YBT0, P01106, P01107, Q14026
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B4E1N7
    Related
    ENSP00000478887.2, ENST00000621592.8
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd00083
    Location:370426
    HLH; Helix-loop-helix domain, found in specific DNA- binding proteins that act as transcription factors; 60-100 amino acids long. A DNA-binding basic region is followed by two alpha-helices separated by a variable loop region; HLH forms homo- and heterodimers, ...
    pfam01056
    Location:21360
    Myc_N; Myc amino-terminal region
    pfam02344
    Location:423453
    Myc-LZ; Myc leucine zipper domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000008.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    127735434..127742951
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060932.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    128862888..128870405
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)