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MT3 metallothionein 3 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 4504, updated on 10-Dec-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
MT3provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
metallothionein 3provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:7408
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000087250 MIM:139255; AllianceGenome:HGNC:7408
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
GIF; GIFB; GRIF; ZnMT3
Summary
This gene is a member of the metallothionein family of genes. Proteins encoded by this gene family are low in molecular weight, are cysteine-rich, lack aromatic residues, and bind divalent heavy metal ions. This gene family member displays tissue-specific expression, and contains a threonine insert near its N-terminus and a glutamate-rich hexapeptide insert near its C-terminus relative to the proteins encoded by other gene family members. It plays an important role in zinc and copper homeostasis, and is induced under hypoxic conditions. The encoded protein is a growth inhibitory factor, and reduced levels of the protein are observed in the brains of individuals with some metal-linked neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]
Annotation information
Note: GIF (Gene ID: 2694) and MT3 (Gene ID: 4504) share the GIF symbol/alias in common. GIF is a widely used alternative name for metallothionein 3 (MT3), which can be confused with the official symbol for GIF (gastric intrinsic factor, GeneID 2694). [01 Jun 2018]
Expression
Biased expression in brain (RPKM 149.3) and adrenal (RPKM 10.1) See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See MT3 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
16q13
Exon count:
3
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 16 NC_000016.10 (56589528..56591085)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 16 NC_060940.1 (62384459..62386016)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 16 NC_000016.9 (56623440..56624997)

Chromosome 16 - NC_000016.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene metallothionein 4 Neighboring gene U7 small nuclear RNA Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124903695 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7510 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10852 Neighboring gene metallothionein 2A

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Tat tat Microarray analysis indicates HIV-1 Tat upregulates the interferon-responsive gene expression of many proteins, including Metallothionein, in immature dendritic cells, an effect that likely facilitates the expansion of HIV-1 infection PubMed
Vpr vpr Treatment of human primary astrocytes with HIV-1 Vpr downregulates expression of eleven genes, BNIP3, CYGB, DUOX2, DUSP1, FOXM1, GAPDH, HPRT1, MT3, MTL5, PTGS2, and SCARA3 PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables antioxidant activity NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables cadmium ion binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables copper ion binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables copper ion binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables metal ion binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein kinase activator activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables zinc ion binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in activation of protein kinase B activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular detoxification IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to cadmium ion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to copper ion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to hypoxia IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to oxidative stress IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to reactive oxygen species IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to zinc ion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in detoxification of copper ion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in energy reserve metabolic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in intracellular monoatomic cation homeostasis NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in intracellular monoatomic cation homeostasis TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in intracellular zinc ion homeostasis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in intracellular zinc ion homeostasis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in leptin-mediated signaling pathway ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of axon extension IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of cell growth IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of cell growth IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of neuron projection development TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of oxygen metabolic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of protein phosphorylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in protein stabilization IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of response to food ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in removal of superoxide radicals IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in response to hypoxia IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in zinc ion transport ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in astrocyte end-foot IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in axon IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in dendritic spine IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in extracellular space IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in inclusion body IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in microtubule IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in mitochondrial outer membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in ribosome IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in synaptic vesicle ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 

General protein information

Preferred Names
metallothionein-3
Names
growth inhibitory factor
metallothionein 3 (growth inhibitory factor (neurotrophic))
metallothionein-III

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_005954.4NP_005945.1  metallothionein-3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005945.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    BP210917, CB155600
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS10762.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P25713, Q2V574
    Related
    ENSP00000200691.5, ENST00000200691.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00131
    Location:168
    Metallothio; Metallothionein

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000016.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    56589528..56591085
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060940.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    62384459..62386016
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)