pll pelle [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: pllprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: pelleprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0010441
Locus tag: Dmel_CG5974
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0010441
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG5974; Dmel\CG5974; p11; Pelle; PELLE; PELLE/IL-1; Pll; pll/IRAK1
Summary: Enables protein domain specific binding activity and protein serine/threonine kinase activity. Involved in several processes, including Toll signaling pathway; dorsal/ventral pattern formation; and positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process. Located in cytoplasm and plasma membrane. Is expressed in organism. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in arthritis (multiple); asthma; diffuse scleroderma; primary immunodeficiency disease (multiple); and squamous cell carcinoma. Orthologous to several human genes including IRAK1 (interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Orthologs: all
: Try the new Gene page
Try the new Transcripts and proteins table

Genomic context

Location:: 97E11-97E11; 3-92 cM

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3R	NT_033777.3 (27251131..27253182, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3R	NT_033777.2 (23076853..23078904, complement)

Chromosome 3R - NT_033777.3 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

Go to the top of the page Help

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Pll physically interacts with dFoxO and phosphorylates dFoxO directly. This study not only identifies a previously unknown physiological function of pll in cell death, but also shed light on the mechanism of IRAKs in tumorigenesis.
Title: Pelle Modulates dFoxO-Mediated Cell Death in Drosophila.
The IRAK homolog Pelle is the functional counterpart of IkappaB kinase in the Drosophila Toll pathway.
Title: The IRAK homolog Pelle is the functional counterpart of IκB kinase in the Drosophila Toll pathway.
Data show that Dichaete appears to be a novel phosphorylation substrate for Pelle and may function in a Pelle-dependent signaling pathway during oogenesis.
Title: Drosophila Pelle phosphorylates Dichaete protein and influences its subcellular distribution in developing oocytes.
both the heterodimeric and heterotrimeric complexes form kidney-shaped structures and that Tube is bivalent and has separate high affinity binding sites for dMyD88 and Pelle.
Title: Assembly of oligomeric death domain complexes during Toll receptor signaling.
mutation analyses of genes known to act upstream of Dorsal revealed a requirement for the interleukin receptor-associated kinase family kinase Pelle for layer-specific targeting of photoreceptor axons
Title: A gain-of-function screen for genes that influence axon guidance identifies the NF-kappaB protein dorsal and reveals a requirement for the kinase Pelle in Drosophila photoreceptor axon targeting.
NMR analysis of the isolated Pelle death domain
Title: Solution structure of the isolated Pelle death domain.
an anteroposterior gradient of Pelle kinase activity is sufficient to generate all known Toll-Dorsal patterning thresholds of gene expression
Title: Linear signaling in the Toll-Dorsal pathway of Drosophila: activated Pelle kinase specifies all threshold outputs of gene expression while the bHLH protein Twist specifies a subset.
Cosolvent-induced transformation of the death domain tertiary structure
Title: Cosolvent-induced transformation of a death domain tertiary structure.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Pathways from PubChem

Go to the top of the page

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help

Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein domain specific binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein serine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in Toll signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in Toll signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in Toll signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in Toll signaling pathway	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in antifungal innate immune response	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in apoptotic process	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in determination of dorsal/ventral asymmetry	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dorsal/ventral pattern formation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in dorsal/ventral pattern formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in hemocyte proliferation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in innate immune response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in innate immune response	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in innate immune response	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in intracellular signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in larval somatic muscle development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of antifungal peptide production	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of antifungal peptide production	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of defense response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of hippo signaling	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein catabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in zygotic specification of dorsal/ventral axis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help

Preferred Names: pelle

Names: CG5974-PA; CG5974-PB; Serine/threonine-protein kinase pelle; pll-PA; pll-PB

NP_001263008.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_476971.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033777.3 Reference assembly

Range

27251131..27253182 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_057623.4 → NP_476971.1 pelle, isoform A

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476971.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B8A3X2, Q05652, Q8T005, Q9VB57

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KHQ0

Related

FBpp0084549

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00219
Location:219 → 495

TyrKc; Tyrosine kinase, catalytic domain

cd08307
Location:32 → 128

Death_Pelle; Death domain of the protein kinase Pelle

cd14066
Location:219 → 498

STKc_IRAK; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinases, Interleukin-1 Receptor Associated Kinases and related STKs
NM_001276079.1 → NP_001263008.1 pelle, isoform B

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001263008.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B8A3X2, Q05652, Q8T005, Q9VB57

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KHQ0

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00219
Location:219 → 495

TyrKc; Tyrosine kinase, catalytic domain

cd08307
Location:32 → 128

Death_Pelle; Death domain of the protein kinase Pelle

cd14066
Location:219 → 498

STKc_IRAK; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinases, Interleukin-1 Receptor Associated Kinases and related STKs