tnfa tumor necrosis factor a (TNF superfamily, member 2) [Danio rerio (zebrafish)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: tnfaprovided by ZNC
Official Full Name: tumor necrosis factor a (TNF superfamily, member 2)provided by ZNC
Primary source: ZFIN:ZDB-GENE-050317-1
See related: Ensembl:ENSDARG00000009511 AllianceGenome:ZFIN:ZDB-GENE-050317-1
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Danio rerio
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Actinopterygii; Neopterygii; Teleostei; Ostariophysi; Cypriniformes; Danionidae; Danioninae; Danio
Summary: Predicted to enable cytokine activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including fin regeneration; hematopoietic stem cell differentiation; and response to bacterium. Is active in extracellular space. Is expressed in several structures, including central nervous system; digestive system; eye; heart; and pleuroperitoneal region. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including artery disease (multiple); autoimmune disease (multiple); eye disease (multiple); lung disease (multiple); and skin disease (multiple). Orthologous to several human genes including LTA (lymphotoxin alpha). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: chromosome: 19

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2025_04	current	GRCz12tu (GCF_049306965.1)	19	NC_133194.1 (29435842..29440423)
RS_2024_08	previous assembly	GRCz11 (GCF_000002035.6)	19	NC_007130.7 (27019432..27024013)

Chromosome 19 - NC_133194.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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Project title: Sequencing the Zebrafish transcriptome from a range of tissues and developmental stages
Description: Sequencing the Zebrafish transcriptome from a range of tissues and developmental stages
BioProject: PRJEB1986
Analysis date: Fri Dec 8 19:48:10 2017

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Assessment of saliva and gingival crevicular fluid soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), galectin-1, and TNF-alpha levels in periodontal health and disease.
Title: Assessment of saliva and gingival crevicular fluid soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), galectin-1, and TNF-α levels in periodontal health and disease.
Macrophage-less irf8 mutants show prolonged inflammation with elevated levels of Tnf-alpha and Il-1beta.
Title: Dynamic control of proinflammatory cytokines Il-1β and Tnf-α by macrophages in zebrafish spinal cord regeneration.
Mecp2 is required for tnfa expression during zebrafish development and inflammation.
Title: Mecp2 regulates tnfa during zebrafish embryonic development and acute inflammation.
Using in vivo, time-lapse imaging we show that as centrally-projecting pioneer axons from dorsal root ganglia (DRG) enter the spinal cord, they initiate expression of the cytokine TNFalpha. This induction coincides with ensheathment of these axons by associated glia via a TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2)-mediated process.
Title: TNFa/TNFR2 signaling is required for glial ensheathment at the dorsal root entry zone.
The results reveal a crucial role for TNFalpha/TNFR2 axis in the protection of the skin against DUOX1-mediated oxidative stress.
Title: Tnfa signaling through tnfr2 protects skin against oxidative stress-induced inflammation.
proinflammatory cytokines IL-1/TNFalpha trigger a novel antiviral mechanism involving AID to regulate host cell permissiveness to HBV infection.
Title: Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α trigger restriction of hepatitis B virus infection via a cytidine deaminase activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID).
The data suggest that during infectious pancreatic necrosis virus infection, the expression of cytokines and metalloproteinases might be initiated through the TNFalpha/NF-kappaB-mediated pathway.
Title: Activation of cytokine expression occurs through the TNFα/NF-κB-mediated pathway in birnavirus-infected cells.
Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus triggers two death pathways via up-stream induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFalpha.
Title: Stage-specific expression of TNFα regulates bad/bid-mediated apoptosis and RIP1/ROS-mediated secondary necrosis in Birnavirus-infected fish cells.
Antisense knockdown of tnfa rescued hepatic steatosis and liver degeneration in dtp larvae, whereas the overexpression of tnfa and the hepatic phenotype were unchanged in dtp larvae.
Title: TNFalpha-dependent hepatic steatosis and liver degeneration caused by mutation of zebrafish S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.

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General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by ZFIN

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables cytokine activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables cytokine activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables tumor necrosis factor receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within autophagy	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell surface receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within defense response to bacterium	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within fin regeneration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in immune response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within immune response	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within immune response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within inflammatory response	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within intestinal epithelial structure maintenance	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within liver development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within peripheral nervous system axon ensheathment	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein homotrimerization	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regeneration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to arsenic-containing substance	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to bacterium	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to exogenous dsRNA	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to lipopolysaccharide	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to virus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to virus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: tumor necrosis factor a (TNF superfamily, member 2)

Names: TNF-alpha 1; TNF1; tumor necrosis factor, alpha

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.