MSTN myostatin [Sus scrofa (pig)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: MSTNprovided by VGNC
Official Full Name: myostatinprovided by VGNC
Primary source: VGNC:VGNC:96320
See related: Ensembl:ENSSSCG00000016047 RGD:13916436
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Sus scrofa
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Suina; Suidae; Sus
Also known as: GDF8; GDF8:MSTN
Expression: Biased expression in longissimus dorsi muscle (RPKM 8.3), psoas major muscle (RPKM 7.1) and 2 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: chromosome: 15

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
106	current	Sscrofa11.1 (GCF_000003025.6)	15	NC_010457.5 (94623526..94628440, complement)
105	previous assembly	Sscrofa10.2 (GCF_000003025.5)	15	NC_010457.4 (105734309..105739223, complement)

Chromosome 15 - NC_010457.5 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Transcriptome data used for gene annotation
Description: Nine kinds of tissues and a mixture of multiple tissues were sequenced for genome annotation
BioProject: PRJNA311523
Publication: PMID 27646534
Analysis date: Thu Dec 14 17:10:49 2017

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Myostatin regulates fatty acid desaturation and fat deposition through MEF2C/miR222/SCD5 cascade in pigs.
Title: Myostatin regulates fatty acid desaturation and fat deposition through MEF2C/miR222/SCD5 cascade in pigs.
Enhanced skeletal muscle growth in myostatin-deficient transgenic pigs had improved glucose uptake in stretozotocin-induced diabetes.
Title: Enhanced skeletal muscle growth in myostatin-deficient transgenic pigs had improved glucose uptake in stretozotocin-induced diabetes.
Shift from slow- to fast-twitch muscle fibres in skeletal muscle of newborn heterozygous and homozygous myostatin-knockout piglets.
Title: Shift from slow- to fast-twitch muscle fibres in skeletal muscle of newborn heterozygous and homozygous myostatin-knockout piglets.
Results show that the fecal microbial composition is very similar between myostatin loss-of-function mutation (MSTN-/-) Meishan pigs and wild type Meishan pigs.
Title: Effect of ZFN-edited myostatin loss-of-function mutation on gut microbiota in Meishan pigs.
A mutant-type myostatin propeptide (D75A-MSPP) was superior to WT-MSPP in effectively enhancing myofiber growth due to the highly resistant to proteolytic cleavage by the bone morphogenetic protein-1/tolloid (BMP-1/TLD) and thus has potential applications for clinical muscle wasting diseases or for increasing muscle mass in meat-producing animals.
Title: Recombinant porcine myostatin propeptide generated by the Pichia pastoris elevates myoblast growth and ameliorates high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance.
This MSTN mutation is an example of putative balancing selection in livestock, providing a plausible explanation for the lack of disrupting MSTN mutations in pigs despite many generations of selection for lean growth
Title: Balancing selection at a premature stop mutation in the myostatin gene underlies a recessive leg weakness syndrome in pigs.
Report the generation of isozygous, functional myostatin (MSTN) knockout cloned pigs free of selectable marker gene (SMG) by CRISPR/Cas9 and Cre/LoxP. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homologous recombination (HR) was exploited to knock out (KO) one allele of MSTN in pig primary cells.
Title: Isozygous and selectable marker-free MSTN knockout cloned pigs generated by the combined use of CRISPR/Cas9 and Cre/LoxP.
These results indicate that myostatin mediates maternal low protein diet-induced growth retardation, through epigenetic regulation involving FoxO3 and glucocorticoid receptor binding to its promoter.
Title: Low-protein diet fed to crossbred sows during pregnancy and lactation enhances myostatin gene expression through epigenetic regulation in skeletal muscle of weaning piglets.
Loss of MSTN increases muscle mass in pigs, which may help increase pork production for consumption in the future.
Title: Efficient modification of the myostatin gene in porcine somatic cells and generation of knockout piglets.
Data show that the protein level of The protein level of myostatin (MSTN) was decreased in the mutant cloned pigs compared with the wild-type controls.
Title: Efficient Generation of Myostatin Mutations in Pigs Using the CRISPR/Cas9 System.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (23)

General gene information

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Markers

Gdf8 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143914

GDF8-3 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:254017

GDF8 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:505475

Gene Ontology Provided by RefSeq

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables cytokine activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
enables growth factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in SMAD protein signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: growth/differentiation factor 8

Names: GDF-8; growth differentiation factor 8

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_214435.2 → NP_999600.2 growth/differentiation factor 8 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_999600.2

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

AY448008

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A5Z1X3, Q6SVB3

Related

ENSSSCP00000017001.2, ENSSSCT00000017472.5

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00204
Location:281 → 375

TGFB; Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) family

pfam00688
Location:39 → 249

TGFb_propeptide; TGF-beta propeptide