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LAMA4 laminin subunit alpha 4 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 3910, updated on 27-Nov-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
LAMA4provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
laminin subunit alpha 4provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:6484
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000112769 MIM:600133; AllianceGenome:HGNC:6484
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
LAMA3; CMD1JJ; LAMA4*-1
Summary
Laminins, a family of extracellular matrix glycoproteins, are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. They have been implicated in a wide variety of biological processes including cell adhesion, differentiation, migration, signaling, neurite outgrowth and metastasis. Laminins are composed of 3 non identical chains: laminin alpha, beta and gamma (formerly A, B1, and B2, respectively) and they form a cruciform structure consisting of 3 short arms, each formed by a different chain, and a long arm composed of all 3 chains. Each laminin chain is a multidomain protein encoded by a distinct gene. Several isoforms of each chain have been described. Different alpha, beta and gamma chain isomers combine to give rise to different heterotrimeric laminin isoforms which are designated by Arabic numerals in the order of their discovery, i.e. alpha1beta1gamma1 heterotrimer is laminin 1. The biological functions of the different chains and trimer molecules are largely unknown, but some of the chains have been shown to differ with respect to their tissue distribution, presumably reflecting diverse functions in vivo. This gene encodes the alpha chain isoform laminin, alpha 4. The domain structure of alpha 4 is similar to that of alpha 3, both of which resemble truncated versions of alpha 1 and alpha 2, in that approximately 1,200 residues at the N-terminus (domains IV, V and VI) have been lost. Laminin, alpha 4 contains the C-terminal G domain which distinguishes all alpha chains from the beta and gamma chains. The RNA analysis from adult and fetal tissues revealed developmental regulation of expression, however, the exact function of laminin, alpha 4 is not known. Tissue-specific utilization of alternative polyA-signal has been described in literature. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]
Expression
Broad expression in fat (RPKM 48.0), endometrium (RPKM 32.2) and 20 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See LAMA4 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
6q21
Exon count:
41
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 6 NC_000006.12 (112107931..112254985, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 6 NC_060930.1 (113291349..113438419, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 6 NC_000006.11 (112429134..112575769, complement)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24959 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:112408399-112408930 Neighboring gene tubulin epsilon 1 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:112421446-112422235 Neighboring gene family with sequence similarity 229 member B Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak6040 silencer Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak6041 silencer Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107986633 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr6:112462018-112463217 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24961 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:112519925-112520428 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:112520429-112520931 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 1226, pseudogene Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr6:112524438-112525637 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:112535822-112536323 Neighboring gene LAMA4 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107986632 Neighboring gene PIN2 (TERF1) interacting telomerase inhibitor 1 pseudogene

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 inhibits CD3-triggered T cell co-stimulation by the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, which includes laminins PubMed
Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env HIV-1 gp41 inhibits CD3-triggered T cell co-stimulation by the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, which includes laminins PubMed
Tat tat Treatment with cannabinoids inhibits HIV-1 Tat-enhanced attachment of U937 cells to collagen IV, laminin, or ECM1 proteins, which is linked to the cannabinoid receptor type 2 and the modulation of beta1-integrin and actin distribution PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat enhances adhesion of human U937 monocyte-like cells to proteins of the extracellular matrix, such as collagen IV, laminin, and ECM1 PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates the expression of extracellular matrix proteins, including the major basement membrane protein laminin PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Clone Names

  • DKFZp686D23145

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables extracellular matrix structural constituent ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables extracellular matrix structural constituent RCA
inferred from Reviewed Computational Analysis
more info
PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables signaling receptor binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in cell adhesion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of cell adhesion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in regulation of cell migration IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in regulation of embryonic development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 

General protein information

Preferred Names
laminin subunit alpha-4
Names
laminin alpha 4 chain
laminin, alpha 4

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_008209.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5001..151695
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_433

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001105206.3NP_001098676.2  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform 1 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001098676.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AB210027, Z99289
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS43491.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q14731, Q14735, Q15335, Q16363, Q4LE44, Q5SZG8, Q9BTB8, Q9UE18, Q9UJN9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0A0MQS9
    Related
    ENSP00000230538.7, ENST00000230538.12
    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    COG1196
    Location:407752
    Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
    cd00055
    Location:187238
    EGF_Lam; Laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like domain; laminins are the major noncollagenous components of basement membranes that mediate cell adhesion, growth migration, and differentiation; the laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like module occurs in ...
    cd00110
    Location:14921624
    LamG; Laminin G domain; Laminin G-like domains are usually Ca++ mediated receptors that can have binding sites for steroids, beta1 integrins, heparin, sulfatides, fibulin-1, and alpha-dystroglycans. Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of ...
    pfam06008
    Location:298554
    Laminin_I; Laminin Domain I
    pfam06009
    Location:734861
    Laminin_II; Laminin Domain II
  2. NM_001105207.3NP_001098677.2  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform 2 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001098677.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses alternate splice sites in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter protein (isoform 2), compared to isoform 1. Variants 2 and 3 encode the same isoform (2).
    Source sequence(s)
    AB210027, BC066552, Z99289
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS34514.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0A0MTC7, Q5D044
    Related
    ENSP00000429488.1, ENST00000522006.5
    Conserved Domains (7) summary
    COG1340
    Location:419717
    COG1340; Uncharacterized coiled-coil protein, contains DUF342 domain [Function unknown]
    cd00055
    Location:187238
    EGF_Lam; Laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like domain; laminins are the major noncollagenous components of basement membranes that mediate cell adhesion, growth migration, and differentiation; the laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like module occurs in ...
    cd00110
    Location:14851617
    LamG; Laminin G domain; Laminin G-like domains are usually Ca++ mediated receptors that can have binding sites for steroids, beta1 integrins, heparin, sulfatides, fibulin-1, and alpha-dystroglycans. Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of ...
    pfam06008
    Location:289547
    Laminin_I; Laminin Domain I
    pfam06009
    Location:727854
    Laminin_II; Laminin Domain II
    cl02488
    Location:332524
    SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...
    cl09111
    Location:503602
    Prefoldin; Prefoldin is a hexameric molecular chaperone complex, found in both eukaryotes and archaea, that binds and stabilizes newly synthesized polypeptides allowing them to fold correctly. The complex contains two alpha and four beta subunits, the two subunits ...
  3. NM_001105208.3NP_001098678.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform 3 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001098678.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a protein (isoform 3) with a shorter, distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Variants 4 and 5 encode the same isoform (3).
    Source sequence(s)
    BC004241, BM014298, BP234809
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS43492.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q16363
    Related
    ENSP00000357627.4, ENST00000368638.5
  4. NM_001105209.3NP_001098679.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform 3 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001098679.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) uses alternate splice sites in the 5' UTR and coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a protein (isoform 3) with a shorter, distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Variants 4 and 5 encode the same isoform (3).
    Source sequence(s)
    BC004241, BP234809
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS43492.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q16363
    Related
    ENSP00000398226.2, ENST00000453937.2
  5. NM_002290.5NP_002281.3  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform 2 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002281.3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter protein (isoform 2), compared to isoform 1. Variants 2 and 3 encode the same isoform (2).
    Source sequence(s)
    AB210027, X91171, Z99289
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS34514.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0A0MTC7, Q5D044
    Related
    ENSP00000374114.4, ENST00000389463.9
    Conserved Domains (7) summary
    COG1340
    Location:419717
    COG1340; Uncharacterized coiled-coil protein, contains DUF342 domain [Function unknown]
    cd00055
    Location:187238
    EGF_Lam; Laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like domain; laminins are the major noncollagenous components of basement membranes that mediate cell adhesion, growth migration, and differentiation; the laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like module occurs in ...
    cd00110
    Location:14851617
    LamG; Laminin G domain; Laminin G-like domains are usually Ca++ mediated receptors that can have binding sites for steroids, beta1 integrins, heparin, sulfatides, fibulin-1, and alpha-dystroglycans. Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of ...
    pfam06008
    Location:289547
    Laminin_I; Laminin Domain I
    pfam06009
    Location:727854
    Laminin_II; Laminin Domain II
    cl02488
    Location:332524
    SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...
    cl09111
    Location:503602
    Prefoldin; Prefoldin is a hexameric molecular chaperone complex, found in both eukaryotes and archaea, that binds and stabilizes newly synthesized polypeptides allowing them to fold correctly. The complex contains two alpha and four beta subunits, the two subunits ...

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    112107931..112254985 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047418770.1XP_047274726.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0A0MTC7
  2. XM_047418769.1XP_047274725.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0A0MQS9
    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    COG1196
    Location:407752
    Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
    cd00055
    Location:187238
    EGF_Lam; Laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like domain; laminins are the major noncollagenous components of basement membranes that mediate cell adhesion, growth migration, and differentiation; the laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like module occurs in ...
    cd00110
    Location:14921624
    LamG; Laminin G domain; Laminin G-like domains are usually Ca++ mediated receptors that can have binding sites for steroids, beta1 integrins, heparin, sulfatides, fibulin-1, and alpha-dystroglycans. Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of ...
    pfam06008
    Location:298554
    Laminin_I; Laminin Domain I
    pfam06009
    Location:734861
    Laminin_II; Laminin Domain II
  3. XM_017010854.3XP_016866343.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0A0MTC7, Q5D044
    Conserved Domains (7) summary
    COG1340
    Location:419717
    COG1340; Uncharacterized coiled-coil protein, contains DUF342 domain [Function unknown]
    cd00055
    Location:187238
    EGF_Lam; Laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like domain; laminins are the major noncollagenous components of basement membranes that mediate cell adhesion, growth migration, and differentiation; the laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like module occurs in ...
    cd00110
    Location:14851617
    LamG; Laminin G domain; Laminin G-like domains are usually Ca++ mediated receptors that can have binding sites for steroids, beta1 integrins, heparin, sulfatides, fibulin-1, and alpha-dystroglycans. Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of ...
    pfam06008
    Location:289547
    Laminin_I; Laminin Domain I
    pfam06009
    Location:727854
    Laminin_II; Laminin Domain II
    cl02488
    Location:332524
    SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...
    cl09111
    Location:503602
    Prefoldin; Prefoldin is a hexameric molecular chaperone complex, found in both eukaryotes and archaea, that binds and stabilizes newly synthesized polypeptides allowing them to fold correctly. The complex contains two alpha and four beta subunits, the two subunits ...
  4. XM_005266984.5XP_005267041.2  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005267041.2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q14731, Q14735, Q15335, Q16363, Q4LE44, Q5SZG8, Q9BTB8, Q9UE18, Q9UJN9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0A0MQS9
    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    COG1196
    Location:407752
    Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
    cd00055
    Location:187238
    EGF_Lam; Laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like domain; laminins are the major noncollagenous components of basement membranes that mediate cell adhesion, growth migration, and differentiation; the laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like module occurs in ...
    cd00110
    Location:14921624
    LamG; Laminin G domain; Laminin G-like domains are usually Ca++ mediated receptors that can have binding sites for steroids, beta1 integrins, heparin, sulfatides, fibulin-1, and alpha-dystroglycans. Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of ...
    pfam06008
    Location:298554
    Laminin_I; Laminin Domain I
    pfam06009
    Location:734861
    Laminin_II; Laminin Domain II
  5. XM_005266983.5XP_005267040.2  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005267040.2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q14731, Q14735, Q15335, Q16363, Q4LE44, Q5SZG8, Q9BTB8, Q9UE18, Q9UJN9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0A0MQS9
    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    COG1196
    Location:407752
    Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
    cd00055
    Location:187238
    EGF_Lam; Laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like domain; laminins are the major noncollagenous components of basement membranes that mediate cell adhesion, growth migration, and differentiation; the laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like module occurs in ...
    cd00110
    Location:14921624
    LamG; Laminin G domain; Laminin G-like domains are usually Ca++ mediated receptors that can have binding sites for steroids, beta1 integrins, heparin, sulfatides, fibulin-1, and alpha-dystroglycans. Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of ...
    pfam06008
    Location:298554
    Laminin_I; Laminin Domain I
    pfam06009
    Location:734861
    Laminin_II; Laminin Domain II
  6. XM_047418771.1XP_047274727.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X3

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    113291349..113438419 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054355422.1XP_054211397.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X2

  2. XM_054355420.1XP_054211395.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X1

  3. XM_054355421.1XP_054211396.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X2

  4. XM_054355419.1XP_054211394.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X1

  5. XM_054355418.1XP_054211393.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X1

  6. XM_054355423.1XP_054211398.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X3