Pnpla2 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Symbol: Pnpla2provided by RGD
Full Name: patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:1309044
See related: Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000069673 AllianceGenome:RGD:1309044
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: RGD1309044
Summary: Predicted to enable acylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity and carboxylic ester hydrolase activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including acylglycerol metabolic process; intracellular triglyceride homeostasis; and lipid droplet disassembly. Predicted to act upstream of with a negative effect on lipid droplet fusion. Predicted to act upstream of or within lipid catabolic process and lipid droplet organization. Predicted to be located in nucleoplasm and plasma membrane. Predicted to be active in cytosol; lipid droplet; and membrane. Orthologous to human PNPLA2 (patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Expression: Biased expression in Thymus (RPKM 668.7), Adrenal (RPKM 610.7) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1q41

Exon count:: 9

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	1	NC_086019.1 (205982279..205987361)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	1	NC_051336.1 (196552723..196557805)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	1	NC_005100.4 (214434638..214439720)

Chromosome 1 - NC_086019.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

TAG synthesis and levels of PUFA-TAGs were lowered by the diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)1 inhibitor, T863. The lipase inhibitor, Atglistatin, increased the levels of TAG in both WT and ATGL-deficient mouse Hepatic stellate cell (HSC). Both Atglistatin and T863 inhibited the induction of activation marker, alpha-smooth muscle actin, in rat HSCs, but not in mouse HSCs.
Title: ATGL and DGAT1 are involved in the turnover of newly synthesized triacylglycerols in hepatic stellate cells.
upregulation of Pnpla2 expression and activation of ATGL (due to an increase in ABHD5 and decrease in G0S2 levels), as well as a coordinated interplay of these genes with Lipe in mesenteric WAT, contribute, at least in part, to an increase in the concentration of circulating NEFA in rats with reduced fat mass.
Title: Upregulation of Pnpla2 and Abhd5 and downregulation of G0s2 gene expression in mesenteric white adipose tissue as a potential reason for elevated concentration of circulating NEFA after removal of retroperitoneal, epididymal, and inguinal adipose tissue.
Report increased levels of ATGL and its inhibitor G0S2 following endurance training in metabolically different rat skeletal muscles.
Title: Increases in skeletal muscle ATGL and its inhibitor G0S2 following 8 weeks of endurance training in metabolically different rat skeletal muscles.
PEDF and 44mer promote triglyceride degradation in cardiomyocytes after acute myocardial infarction via ATGL.
Title: PEDF and PEDF-derived peptide 44mer stimulate cardiac triglyceride degradation via ATGL.
We conclude that PEDF-R mediates PEDF attenuates hypoxia-induced apoptosis and necrosis in H9c2 cells by inhibiting p53 mitochondrial translocation.
Title: PEDF attenuates hypoxia-induced apoptosis and necrosis in H9c2 cells by inhibiting p53 mitochondrial translocation via PEDF-R.
Habitual exercise training acts as a physiological stimulator for constant activation of lipolytic enzymes, HSL and ATGL, in rat primary white adipocytes.
Title: Habitual exercise training acts as a physiological stimulator for constant activation of lipolytic enzymes in rat primary white adipocytes.
These observations suggest that downregulation of ATGL causes the decreased PPARalpha activity which results in the imbalance of FA uptake and oxidation
Title: Downregulation of adipose triglyceride lipase promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by triggering the accumulation of ceramides.
in skeletal muscle, during contraction-induced muscle lipolysis, ATGL and CGI-58 strongly associate and that the PLIN proteins work together to regulate lipolysis
Title: Skeletal muscle PLIN proteins, ATGL and CGI-58, interactions at rest and following stimulated contraction.
Data suggest that fasting-induced up-regulation of adipose tissue ATGL is impaired in obesity and not improved by cold; ATGL expression is increased by cold but not by fasting, contributing to reduced lipolysis in obesity in increased energy demand.
Title: Adipose triglyceride lipase expression and fasting regulation are differently affected by cold exposure in adipose tissues of lean and obese Zucker rats.
We have mapped the epitope of the antibody that detects PEDF-R to the coding region of exon 4.
Title: Identification of pigment epithelium-derived factor receptor (PEDF-R) antibody epitopes.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (11)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables acylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables acylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables diolein transacylation activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables diolein transacylation activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables diolein transacylation activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables hydrolase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables mono-olein transacylation activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables mono-olein transacylation activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables mono-olein transacylation activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables phospholipase A2 activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables phospholipase A2 activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables phospholipase A2 activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables retinyl-palmitate esterase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables retinyl-palmitate esterase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables retinyl-palmitate esterase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables triacylglycerol lipase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables triacylglycerol lipase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables triacylglycerol lipase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables triacylglycerol lipase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in acylglycerol metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in diacylglycerol biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in diacylglycerol biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in diacylglycerol biosynthetic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in intracellular triglyceride homeostasis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in intracellular triglyceride homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in intracellular triglyceride homeostasis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lipid catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in lipid catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lipid catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in lipid droplet disassembly	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in lipid droplet disassembly	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_negative_effect lipid droplet fusion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_negative_effect lipid droplet fusion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_negative_effect lipid droplet fusion	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lipid droplet organization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in lipid droplet organization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lipid droplet organization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in lipid homeostasis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in lipid metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in lipid storage	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in lipid storage	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of triglyceride storage	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of triglyceride storage	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of phototransduction, visible light	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of phototransduction, visible light	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in retinoid metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in retinoid metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in retinol metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in triglyceride catabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in triglyceride catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within triglyceride catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in triglyceride catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in triglyceride catabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in lipid droplet	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in lipid droplet	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in lipid droplet	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in lipid droplet	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in lipid droplet	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in lipid droplet	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
is_active_in membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2

Names: adipose triglyceride lipase; calcium-independent phospholipase A2-zeta; iPLA2-zeta; patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2-like

NP_001101979.2

EC 3.1.1.3

EC 3.1.1.4

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.