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thrb thyroid hormone receptor beta [ Danio rerio (zebrafish) ]

Gene ID: 30607, updated on 9-Sep-2025
Official Symbol
thrbprovided by ZNC
Official Full Name
thyroid hormone receptor betaprovided by ZNC
Primary source
ZFIN:ZDB-GENE-990415-268
See related
Ensembl:ENSDARG00000021163 AllianceGenome:ZFIN:ZDB-GENE-990415-268
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
PROVISIONAL
Organism
Danio rerio
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Actinopterygii; Neopterygii; Teleostei; Ostariophysi; Cypriniformes; Danionidae; Danioninae; Danio
Also known as
trb; thr2; NR1A2; TR[b]1; TR-beta; fj24f03; wu:fj24f03
Summary
Enables nuclear receptor activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including inner ear development; retinal cone cell differentiation; and thyroid hormone receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be part of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex. Predicted to be active in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including brain; eye; gonad; liver; and optic vesicle. Used to study thyroid hormone resistance syndrome. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including breast cancer (multiple); cervix uteri carcinoma in situ; renal cell carcinoma; selective pituitary thyroid hormone resistance; and thyroid hormone resistance syndrome. Orthologous to human THRB (thyroid hormone receptor beta). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Orthologs
human mouse all
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See thrb in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
chromosome: 19
Exon count:
17
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2025_04 current GRCz12tu (GCF_049306965.1) 19 NC_133194.1 (18686848..18830460, complement)
RS_2024_08 previous assembly GRCz11 (GCF_000002035.6) 19 NC_007130.7 (17514738..17658174, complement)

Chromosome 19 - NC_133194.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC137488496 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC110438144 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC141378968 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC141379049 Neighboring gene DNA topoisomerase II beta Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC141379050

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: Sequencing the Zebrafish transcriptome from a range of tissues and developmental stages
  • Description: Sequencing the Zebrafish transcriptome from a range of tissues and developmental stages
  • BioProject: PRJEB1986
  • Analysis date: Fri Dec 8 19:48:10 2017

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Thyroid hormones are important for embryonic to larval transitory phase in zebrafish. Liu YW, et al. Differentiation, 2002 Mar. PMID 11963654
  2. Developmental toxicity of the PBDE metabolite 6-OH-BDE-47 in zebrafish and the potential role of thyroid receptor β. Macaulay LJ, et al. Aquat Toxicol, 2015 Nov. PMID 26433919, Free PMC Article
  3. Thyroid Disruption by Bisphenol S Analogues via Thyroid Hormone Receptor β: in Vitro, in Vivo, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. Lu L, et al. Environ Sci Technol, 2018 Jun 5. PMID 29763311
  4. The Affinity of Brominated Phenolic Compounds for Human and Zebrafish Thyroid Receptor β: Influence of Chemical Structure. Kollitz EM, et al. Toxicol Sci, 2018 May 1. PMID 29409039, Free PMC Article
  5. A novel thyroid hormone receptor isoform, TRβ2-46, promotes SKP2 expression and retinoblastoma cell proliferation. Li Z, et al. J Biol Chem, 2019 Feb 22. PMID 30643022, Free PMC Article

See all (187) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Thyroid hormone receptor beta mutations alter photoreceptor development and function in Danio rerio (zebrafish).
    Title: Thyroid hormone receptor beta mutations alter photoreceptor development and function in Danio rerio (zebrafish).
  2. TRbeta2-46 is an oncogenic thyroid hormone receptor isoform that promotes SKP2 expression and SKP2-dependent retinoblastoma cell proliferation.
    Title: A novel thyroid hormone receptor isoform, TRβ2-46, promotes SKP2 expression and retinoblastoma cell proliferation.
  3. Data provide evidence that zebrafish represents a valid model to study in vivo the thyroid hormone (TH) action, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the two syndromes of TH resistance, RTHa and RTHb.
    Title: Patterns of thyroid hormone receptor expression in zebrafish and generation of a novel model of resistance to thyroid hormone action.
  4. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments show that L-opsin expression requires trbeta2 activity before cone differentiation. Ectopic expression of trbeta2 after cone differentiation produces cones with mixed opsins.
    Title: Cone photoreceptor types in zebrafish are generated by symmetric terminal divisions of dedicated precursors.
  5. Data suggest that the embryonic to larval transitory phase is characterized by its dependency on the timely synthesis of thyroid hormone and the concomitant autoinductive increase in thyroid hormone receptor beta mRNA levels.
    Title: Thyroid hormones are important for embryonic to larval transitory phase in zebrafish.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by ZFIN

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables nuclear receptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables nuclear receptor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables nuclear receptor activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables nuclear receptor activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables sequence-specific DNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables thyroid hormone binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables zinc ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within camera-type eye development IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cell development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in cell differentiation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within inner ear development IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of DNA-templated transcription IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within retinal cone cell development IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within retinal cone cell differentiation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within retinal cone cell fate determination IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in thyroid hormone receptor signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in thyroid hormone receptor signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within thyroid hormone receptor signaling pathway IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Preferred Names
thyroid hormone receptor beta
Names
TRbeta1
nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group A member 2
thyroid hormone receptor beta 2
thyroid hormone receptor beta-1

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_131340.1 → NP_571415.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_571415.1

    Status: PROVISIONAL

    Source sequence(s)
    AF109732
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0AB32TCT8
    Related
    ENSDARP00000137456.2, ENSDART00000170790.2
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06935
    Location:141 → 383
    NR_LBD_TR; The ligand binding domain of thyroid hormone receptor, a members of a superfamily of nuclear receptors
    cd06961
    Location:31 → 117
    NR_DBD_TR; DNA-binding domain of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_049306965.1-RS_2025_04

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCz12tu Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_133194.1 Reference GRCz12tu Primary Assembly

    Range
    18686848..18830460 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_073930518.1 → XP_073786619.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X5

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0AB32T7V3

  2. XM_068215030.2 → XP_068071131.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X7

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0AB32TCT8
    Related
    ENSDARP00000131464.2

  3. XM_073930525.1 → XP_073786626.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X6

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A3QJW1, B3DIF2, O42560, Q90Y31, Q9PVE4

  4. XM_021467990.3 → XP_021323665.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8M9PRA9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06935
    Location:141 → 412
    NR_LBD_TR; The ligand binding domain of thyroid hormone receptor, a members of a superfamily of nuclear receptors
    cd06961
    Location:31 → 117
    NR_DBD_TR; DNA-binding domain of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers

  5. XM_073930542.1 → XP_073786643.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X10

  6. XM_073930532.1 → XP_073786633.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X7

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0AB32TCT8

  7. XM_073930527.1 → XP_073786628.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X6

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A3QJW1, B3DIF2, O42560, Q90Y31, Q9PVE4

  8. XM_021467989.3 → XP_021323664.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8M9PRA9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06935
    Location:141 → 412
    NR_LBD_TR; The ligand binding domain of thyroid hormone receptor, a members of a superfamily of nuclear receptors
    cd06961
    Location:31 → 117
    NR_DBD_TR; DNA-binding domain of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers

  9. XM_073930541.1 → XP_073786642.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X10

  10. XM_068215029.2 → XP_068071130.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X7

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0AB32TCT8
    Related
    ENSDARP00000152213.1

  11. XM_073930522.1 → XP_073786623.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X6

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A3QJW1, B3DIF2, O42560, Q90Y31, Q9PVE4

  12. XM_021467987.3 → XP_021323662.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8M9PRA9
    Related
    ENSDARP00000149633.1
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06935
    Location:141 → 412
    NR_LBD_TR; The ligand binding domain of thyroid hormone receptor, a members of a superfamily of nuclear receptors
    cd06961
    Location:31 → 117
    NR_DBD_TR; DNA-binding domain of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers

  13. XM_073930539.1 → XP_073786640.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X10

  14. XM_073930529.1 → XP_073786630.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X7

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0AB32TCT8

  15. XM_073930521.1 → XP_073786622.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X6

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A3QJW1, B3DIF2, O42560, Q90Y31, Q9PVE4

  16. XM_021467988.3 → XP_021323663.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8M9PRA9
    Related
    ENSDARP00000150484.1
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06935
    Location:141 → 412
    NR_LBD_TR; The ligand binding domain of thyroid hormone receptor, a members of a superfamily of nuclear receptors
    cd06961
    Location:31 → 117
    NR_DBD_TR; DNA-binding domain of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers

  17. XM_073930540.1 → XP_073786641.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X10

  18. XM_073930543.1 → XP_073786644.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X10

  19. XM_073930528.1 → XP_073786629.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X7

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0AB32TCT8

  20. XM_073930520.1 → XP_073786621.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X6

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A3QJW1, B3DIF2, O42560, Q90Y31, Q9PVE4

  21. XM_021467986.3 → XP_021323661.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8M9PRA9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06935
    Location:141 → 412
    NR_LBD_TR; The ligand binding domain of thyroid hormone receptor, a members of a superfamily of nuclear receptors
    cd06961
    Location:31 → 117
    NR_DBD_TR; DNA-binding domain of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers

  22. XM_073930537.1 → XP_073786638.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X10

  23. XM_073930544.1 → XP_073786645.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X11

  24. XM_073930533.1 → XP_073786634.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X8

  25. XM_068215028.2 → XP_068071129.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X5

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0AB32T7V3

  26. XM_073930519.1 → XP_073786620.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X6

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A3QJW1, B3DIF2, O42560, Q90Y31, Q9PVE4

  27. XM_021467985.3 → XP_021323660.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8M9PRA9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06935
    Location:141 → 412
    NR_LBD_TR; The ligand binding domain of thyroid hormone receptor, a members of a superfamily of nuclear receptors
    cd06961
    Location:31 → 117
    NR_DBD_TR; DNA-binding domain of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers

  28. XM_073930536.1 → XP_073786637.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X10

  29. XM_073930531.1 → XP_073786632.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X7

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0AB32TCT8

  30. XM_073930524.1 → XP_073786625.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X6

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A3QJW1, B3DIF2, O42560, Q90Y31, Q9PVE4

  31. XM_073930516.1 → XP_073786617.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8M9PRA9

  32. XM_073930530.1 → XP_073786631.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X7

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0AB32TCT8

  33. XM_073930523.1 → XP_073786624.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X6

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A3QJW1, B3DIF2, O42560, Q90Y31, Q9PVE4

  34. XM_068215027.2 → XP_068071128.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8M9PRA9

  35. XM_073930538.1 → XP_073786639.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X10

  36. XM_073930545.1 → XP_073786646.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X12

  37. XM_073930534.1 → XP_073786635.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X9

  38. XM_005159502.6 → XP_005159559.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X3

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8M2B694
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06935
    Location:234 → 476
    NR_LBD_TR; The ligand binding domain of thyroid hormone receptor, a members of a superfamily of nuclear receptors
    cd06961
    Location:124 → 210
    NR_DBD_TR; DNA-binding domain of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers

  39. XM_005159501.6 → XP_005159558.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005159558.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    S6BPQ3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06935
    Location:234 → 485
    NR_LBD_TR; The ligand binding domain of thyroid hormone receptor, a members of a superfamily of nuclear receptors
    cd06961
    Location:124 → 210
    NR_DBD_TR; DNA-binding domain of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers

  40. XM_021467984.3 → XP_021323659.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A2R8QK91, A0A8M9PG78
    Related
    ENSDARP00000152808.1
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06935
    Location:234 → 505
    NR_LBD_TR; The ligand binding domain of thyroid hormone receptor, a members of a superfamily of nuclear receptors
    cd06961
    Location:124 → 210
    NR_DBD_TR; DNA-binding domain of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers

  41. XM_073930548.1 → XP_073786649.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X14

  42. XM_073930550.1 → XP_073786651.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X16

  43. XM_073930552.1 → XP_073786653.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X16

  44. XM_073930551.1 → XP_073786652.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X16

  45. XM_073930549.1 → XP_073786650.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X15

  46. XM_073930547.1 → XP_073786648.1  thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform X13

Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9PVE4.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9PVE4

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