mdka midkine a [Danio rerio (zebrafish)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: mdkaprovided by ZNC
Official Full Name: midkine aprovided by ZNC
Primary source: ZFIN:ZDB-GENE-990621-1
See related: Ensembl:ENSDARG00000036036 AllianceGenome:ZFIN:ZDB-GENE-990621-1
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Danio rerio
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Actinopterygii; Neopterygii; Teleostei; Ostariophysi; Cypriniformes; Danionidae; Danioninae; Danio
Also known as: mdk1; plei1; fb05b02; fc32h11; zgc:86655; wu:fb05b02; wu:fc32h11
Summary: Predicted to enable growth factor activity. Acts upstream of with a positive effect on positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including cardiac muscle tissue regeneration; neural tube formation; and sensory epithelium regeneration. Located in Golgi apparatus. Is expressed in several structures, including heart; nervous system; neural tube; neuroectoderm; and paraxial mesoderm. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in brain ischemia. Orthologous to human MDK (midkine). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: chromosome: 7

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2025_04	current	GRCz12tu (GCF_049306965.1)	7	NC_133182.1 (39382802..39393958)
RS_2024_08	previous assembly	GRCz11 (GCF_000002035.6)	7	NC_007118.7 (39166460..39177620)

Chromosome 7 - NC_133182.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Sequencing the Zebrafish transcriptome from a range of tissues and developmental stages
Description: Sequencing the Zebrafish transcriptome from a range of tissues and developmental stages
BioProject: PRJEB1986
Analysis date: Fri Dec 8 19:48:10 2017

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Midkine-a Is Required for Cell Cycle Progression of Muller Glia during Neuronal Regeneration in the Vertebrate Retina.
Title: Midkine-a Is Required for Cell Cycle Progression of Müller Glia during Neuronal Regeneration in the Vertebrate Retina.
during photoreceptor regeneration Mdka regulates aspects of injury-induced cell proliferation
Title: Midkine-a protein localization in the developing and adult retina of the zebrafish and its function during photoreceptor regeneration.
The midkine N-terminal half domain is needed to mediate midkine embryogenic activity.
Title: Structure-function analysis of full-length midkine reveals novel residues important for heparin binding and zebrafish embryogenesis.
This study demonistrated that the function of Midkine during retinal development and adds Midkine to the list of growth factors that transcriptionally regulate Id proteins.
Title: Midkine-A functions upstream of Id2a to regulate cell cycle kinetics in the developing vertebrate retina.
The expression of mdka follows a daily rhythm, which is independent of the presence or absence of light/ we propose that the expression of mdka is regulated by the circadian clock/ levels decrease during the night and increase during the ubjective day.
Title: Midkine expression is regulated by the circadian clock in the retina of the zebrafish.
These data reveal that Mdka and Mdkb are signaling factors present in the retinal stem cell niches in both embryonic and mature retinas, and that their cellular expression is actively modulated during retinal development and regeneration.
Title: Cellular expression of midkine-a and midkine-b during retinal development and photoreceptor regeneration in zebrafish.
Ectopic ubiquitous expression of the mdka gene in early zebrafish embryos causes completely distinct effects on neural crest and floorplate development.
Title: Functional divergence of two zebrafish midkine growth factors following fish-specific gene duplication.
Midkine-a regulates allocation of medial floor plate cells during zebrafish development.
Title: Medial floor plate formation in zebrafish consists of two phases and requires trunk-derived Midkine-a.

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General gene information

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Markers

fc32h11.x1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:187999

fb05b02.x1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:202690

Gene Ontology Provided by ZFIN

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables growth factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables growth factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables heparin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within cardiac muscle tissue regeneration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within neural tube formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of cell cycle	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within sensory epithelium regeneration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Golgi apparatus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: midkine a

Names: midkine-related growth factor; pleiotrophin 1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.