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GZMA granzyme A [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 3001, updated on 10-Dec-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
GZMAprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
granzyme Aprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:4708
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000145649 MIM:140050; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4708
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
HFSP; CTLA3
Summary
Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells share the remarkable ability to recognize, bind, and lyse specific target cells. They are thought to protect their host by lysing cells bearing on their surface 'nonself' antigens, usually peptides or proteins resulting from infection by intracellular pathogens. The protein described here is a T cell- and natural killer cell-specific serine protease that may function as a common component necessary for lysis of target cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Broad expression in lymph node (RPKM 24.9), spleen (RPKM 21.4) and 20 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See GZMA in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
5q11.2
Exon count:
5
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 5 NC_000005.10 (55102646..55110252)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 5 NC_060929.1 (55930246..55937579)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 5 NC_000005.9 (54398474..54406080)

Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105378971 Neighboring gene granzyme A pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene cell division cycle 20B Neighboring gene glutathione peroxidase 8 (putative) Neighboring gene microRNA 449a

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Nef nef Downregulation of cell-surface CD4 induced by HIV-1 Nef prevents monoclonal antibodies against CD4 from blocking the presentation of serine esterase tryptase in human monocytoid and CD4+ lymphoid cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein homodimerization activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables serine-type endopeptidase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables serine-type endopeptidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in apoptotic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cytotoxic T cell pyroptotic cell death IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in granzyme-mediated programmed cell death signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in granzyme-mediated programmed cell death signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in immune response TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in killing of cells of another organism IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of DNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in protein maturation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in protein maturation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in pyroptotic inflammatory response IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in response to bacterium IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
is_active_in extracellular space IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in immunological synapse TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
located_in nucleus TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 

General protein information

Preferred Names
granzyme A
Names
CTL tryptase
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase-3
Granzyme A (Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase-3; Hanukah factor serine protease)
HF
Hanukah factor serine protease)
cytotoxic T-lymphocyte proteinase 1
fragmentin-1
granzyme 1
granzyme A (granzyme 1, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 3)
h factor
NP_006135.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_027996.2 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5002..12608
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_006144.4NP_006135.2  granzyme A precursor

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC091977
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3965.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A4PHN1, P12544, Q6IB36
    Related
    ENSP00000274306.6, ENST00000274306.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd00190
    Location:29254
    Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease; Many of these are synthesized as inactive precursor zymogens that are cleaved during limited proteolysis to generate their active forms. Alignment contains also inactive enzymes that have substitutions of the catalytic triad ...

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000005.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    55102646..55110252
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060929.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    55930246..55937579
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)