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CXCL2 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 2920, updated on 18-Sep-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
CXCL2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:4603
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000081041 MIM:139110; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4603
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
GRO2; GROb; MIP2; MIP2A; SCYB2; MGSA-b; MIP-2a; CINC-2a
Summary
This antimicrobial gene is part of a chemokine superfamily that encodes secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of the N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine, a member of the CXC subfamily, is expressed at sites of inflammation and may suppress hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]
Annotation information
Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in immune response or antiviral activity.
Expression
Broad expression in liver (RPKM 52.2), gall bladder (RPKM 27.8) and 15 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See CXCL2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4q13.3
Exon count:
4
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (74097040..74099195, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (77440641..77442796, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (74962757..74964912, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene CRISPRi-validated cis-regulatory element chr4.1813 Neighboring gene CRISPRi-validated cis-regulatory element chr4.1814 Neighboring gene pro-platelet basic protein pseudogene 2 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 7725 Neighboring gene coiled-coil domain containing 90B pseudogene Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 1179 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 14567 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105377277 Neighboring gene methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+ dependent) 2 like Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:75022974-75023732 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:75023733-75024489 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21614 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 11080 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15477 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105377276 Neighboring gene epithelial mitogen

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide association study of white blood cell count in 16,388 African Americans: the continental origins and genetic epidemiology network (COGENT).
EBI GWAS Catalog
Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Identification of nine novel loci associated with white blood cell subtypes in a Japanese population.
EBI GWAS Catalog

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120-treated vaginal epithelial cells show upregulation of CXCL2 expression as compared to untreated control PubMed
Tat tat Microarray analysis indicates HIV-1 Tat-induced upregulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2) in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables CXCR chemokine receptor binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables chemokine activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in extracellular region TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
is_active_in extracellular space IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 

General protein information

Preferred Names
C-X-C motif chemokine 2
Names
GRO2 oncogene
MGSA beta
MIP2-alpha
chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2
gro-beta
growth-regulated protein beta
macrophage inflammatory protein 2-alpha
melanoma growth stimulatory activity beta

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_002089.4NP_002080.1  C-X-C motif chemokine 2 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002080.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    BC053653, BX334969, X53799
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS34008.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P19875, Q6FGD6, Q9UPB8
    Related
    ENSP00000427279.1, ENST00000508487.3
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd00273
    Location:40102
    Chemokine_CXC; Chemokine_CXC: 1 of 4 subgroup designations based on the arrangement of the two N-terminal cysteine residues; includes a number of secreted growth factors and interferons involved in mitogenic, chemotactic, and inflammatory activity; many members ...

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    74097040..74099195 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    77440641..77442796 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)