Areg amphiregulin [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Aregprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: amphiregulinprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2149
See related: Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000002754 AllianceGenome:RGD:2149
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Enables epidermal growth factor receptor binding activity and growth factor activity. Involved in several processes, including negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation; neurogenesis; and response to hydrogen peroxide. Located in extracellular space. Used to study high grade glioma. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in breast cancer. Orthologous to human AREG (amphiregulin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Expression: Biased expression in Kidney (RPKM 20.5), Lung (RPKM 3.7) and 1 other tissue See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 14p22

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	14	NC_086032.1 (17256384..17265641, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	14	NC_051349.1 (16972185..16981443, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	14	NC_005113.4 (18521921..18531179, complement)

Chromosome 14 - NC_086032.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Downregulation of amphiregulin improves cardiac hypertrophy via attenuating oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Title: Downregulation of amphiregulin improves cardiac hypertrophy via attenuating oxidative stress and apoptosis.
study demonstrated that miR-449a was downregulated while AREG was upregulated in cerebral ischemic injury
Title: Expression and regulation of miR-449a and AREG in cerebral ischemic injury.
Report increased AREG transcript and protein levels in the lungs of rodents with DA-induced bronchiolitis obliterans.
Title: Diacetyl induces amphiregulin shedding in pulmonary epithelial cells and in experimental bronchiolitis obliterans.
estrogen and progeterone increased cell proliferation in normal gland and mammary cancers through the increased production of amphiregulin
Title: Amphiregulin mediates estrogen, progesterone, and EGFR signaling in the normal rat mammary gland and in hormone-dependent rat mammary cancers.
findings identify Amphiregulin as a factor for resistance of glioma cells to delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol induced apoptosis
Title: Amphiregulin is a factor for resistance of glioma cells to cannabinoid-induced apoptosis.
the expression of amphiregulin (AR), a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family, is rapidly and highly up-regulated by PTH in several osteoblastic cell lines and bone tissues
Title: Amphiregulin is a novel growth factor involved in normal bone development and in the cellular response to parathyroid hormone stimulation.
may play a role in the ovulatory process of cycling rats as well as in the induction of ovulation in immature rats
Title: Expression of epiregulin and amphiregulin in the rat ovary.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables cytokine activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables epidermal growth factor receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables epidermal growth factor receptor binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables epidermal growth factor receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables growth factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables growth factor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables growth factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables receptor ligand activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables receptor ligand activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in ERBB2-EGFR signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in ERBB2-EGFR signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within dichotomous subdivision of terminal units involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within dichotomous subdivision of terminal units involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within epithelial cell proliferation involved in mammary gland duct elongation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within epithelial cell proliferation involved in mammary gland duct elongation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glial cell proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within mammary gland alveolus development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within mammary gland alveolus development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within mammary gland branching involved in thelarche	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within mammary gland branching involved in thelarche	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in neuron projection development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cell population proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of phosphorylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to cAMP	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to estradiol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to estradiol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to glucocorticoid	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to hydrogen peroxide	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to peptide hormone	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cell surface	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cell surface	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in extracellular space	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular space	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: amphiregulin

Names: AR; SDGF; schwannoma-derived growth factor

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.