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GLUL glutamate-ammonia ligase [ Bos taurus (domestic cattle) ]

Gene ID: 281199, updated on 10-Feb-2026
Official Symbol
GLULprovided by VGNC
Official Full Name
glutamate-ammonia ligaseprovided by VGNC
Primary source
VGNC:VGNC:29426
See related
BGD:BT22765; EnsemblRapid:ENSBTAG00070011899
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
PROVISIONAL
Organism
Bos taurus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae; Bovinae; Bos
Orthologs
all
Try the new Gene page
Try the new Transcripts and proteins table
See GLUL in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
chromosome: 16
Exon count:
8
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_12 current ARS-UCD2.0 (GCF_002263795.3) 16 NC_037343.1 (63467853..63478625, complement)

Chromosome 16 - NC_037343.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene enhancer of rudimentary homolog Neighboring gene nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 1 Neighboring gene transmembrane epididymal protein 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC132342490 Neighboring gene regulator of G protein signaling like 1

Genomic Sequence:
NC_037343.1 Chromosome 16 Reference ARS-UCD2.0 Primary Assembly

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: Dominette sequence data
  • BioProject: PRJNA294306
  • Analysis date: Tue Dec 17 08:57:05 2024

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Distribution of glutamine synthetase and carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase I in vertebrate liver. Smith DD Jr, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1988 Jan. PMID 2893372, Free PMC Article
  2. Forms of selenium in vitamin-mineral mixes differentially affect serum prolactin concentration and hepatic glutamine synthetase activity of steers grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue. Jia Y, et al. J Anim Sci, 2018 Mar 6. PMID 29385471, Free PMC Article
  3. Glutamine synthetase and alanine transaminase expression are decreased in livers of aged vs. young beef cows and GS can be upregulated by 17β-estradiol implants. Miles ED, et al. J Anim Sci, 2015 Sep. PMID 26440349
  4. The bovine glutamine synthase gene (GLUL) maps to 10q33 and a pseudogene (GLULP) to 16q21. Masabanda J, et al. Mamm Genome, 1997 Oct. PMID 9321487
  5. A whole-genome assembly of the domestic cow, Bos taurus. Zimin AV, et al. Genome Biol, 2009. PMID 19393038, Free PMC Article

See all (7) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. This study concludes that hepatic expression of alanine transaminase and glutathione synthetase (GS) are reduced in aged cows, and administration of 17beta-estradiol increases plasma estradiol and hepatic GS.
    Title: Glutamine synthetase and alanine transaminase expression are decreased in livers of aged vs. young beef cows and GS can be upregulated by 17β-estradiol implants.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC128403

Gene Ontology Provided by RefSeq

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables glutamine synthetase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 PubMed 
Preferred Names
glutamine synthetase
Names
GS
glutamate decarboxylase
glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthase)
palmitoyltransferase GLUL
NP_001035564.1
XP_005217320.1
XP_024831774.1

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001040474.2 → NP_001035564.1  glutamine synthetase

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001035564.1

    Status: PROVISIONAL

    Source sequence(s)
    BC103099
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O02850, P15103, Q3ZBU6, Q866Q7
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0ABI0NXJ3
    Related
    ENSBTAP00070015960.1, ENSBTAT00070026805.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl27748
    Location:22 → 362
    Gln-synt_C; Glutamine synthetase, catalytic domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_002263795.3-RS_2024_12

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference ARS-UCD2.0 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_037343.1 Reference ARS-UCD2.0 Primary Assembly

    Range
    63467853..63478625 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_005217263.5 → XP_005217320.1  glutamine synthetase isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005217320.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O02850, P15103, Q3ZBU6, Q866Q7
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0ABI0NXJ3
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl27748
    Location:22 → 362
    Gln-synt_C; Glutamine synthetase, catalytic domain

  2. XM_024976006.2 → XP_024831774.1  glutamine synthetase isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O02850, P15103, Q3ZBU6, Q866Q7
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0ABI0NXJ3
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl27748
    Location:22 → 362
    Gln-synt_C; Glutamine synthetase, catalytic domain
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P15103.4 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P15103

Gene LinkOut

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