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SULT4A1 sulfotransferase family 4A member 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 25830, updated on 8-Apr-2026
Official Symbol
SULT4A1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
sulfotransferase family 4A member 1provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:14903
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000130540 MIM:608359; AllianceGenome:HGNC:14903
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
NST; BRSTL1; SULTX3; BR-STL-1; DJ388M5.3; hBR-STL-1
Summary
This gene encodes a member of the sulfotransferase family. The encoded protein is a brain-specific sulfotransferase believed to be involved in the metabolism of neurotransmitters. Polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Biased expression in brain (RPKM 30.9), duodenum (RPKM 4.1) and 2 other tissues See more
Orthologs
all
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Try the new Transcripts and proteins table
See SULT4A1 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
22q13.31
Exon count:
10
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 22 NC_000022.11 (43824509..43862513, complement)
RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 22 NC_060946.1 (44307367..44345097, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 22 NC_000022.10 (44220389..44258393, complement)

Chromosome 22 - NC_000022.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene EF-hand calcium binding domain 6 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr22:44207707-44207948 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19191 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44208791-44209592 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44215896-44216537 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44223866-44224628 Neighboring gene EFCAB6 divergent transcript Neighboring gene high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2 pseudogene 9 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44240991-44241816 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44247635-44248134 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44256209-44256708 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 15126 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44279103-44279833 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44293320-44294519 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44301043-44301543 Neighboring gene patatin like domain 5, triacylglycerol lipase Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44317583-44318083 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44319500-44320244 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44320245-44320987 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 5125 Neighboring gene patatin like domain 3, 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Interaction of the Brain-Selective Sulfotransferase SULT4A1 with Other Cytosolic Sulfotransferases: Effects on Protein Expression and Function.
    Title: Interaction of the Brain-Selective Sulfotransferase SULT4A1 with Other Cytosolic Sulfotransferases: Effects on Protein Expression and Function.
  2. Study in SULT4A1 knockout mice demonstrates that depletion of SULT4A1 induces oxidative stress in neurons and expression of SULT4A1 in human SH-SY5Y cells protects against oxidative-stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. Results suggest that SULT4A1 may have a crucial protective function against mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.
    Title: SULT4A1 Protects Against Oxidative-Stress Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neuronal Cells.
  3. Study using SH-SY5Y cells, human induced pluripotent stem cells, and mouse embryonic tissue revealed time-dependent changes in SULT4A1 protein and MBNL/CELF protein during differentiation supported their role in correctly splicing the SULT4A1 mRNA. Furthermore, ectopic expression of each factor produced efficient splicing in the minigene assay as well as correct splicing of the endogenous SULT4A1 mRNA.
    Title: The MBNL/CELF Splicing Factors Regulate Cytosolic Sulfotransferase 4A1 Protein Expression during Cell Differentiation.
  4. These results show that SULT4A1 is widely expressed in human tissues, but mostly as a splice variant that produces a rapidly degraded protein. Dimerization protects the protein from degradation.
    Title: Expression of the orphan cytosolic sulfotransferase SULT4A1 and its major splice variant in human tissues and cells: dimerization, degradation and polyubiquitination.
  5. Across three psychiatric disorders (n=2815 patients), we observed no consistent association between SULT4A1-1 status and atypical antipsychotic effect
    Title: SULT4A1 haplotype: conflicting results on its role as a biomarker of antipsychotic response.
  6. This study provides a second replication of superior olanzapine response in SULT4A1-1-positive subjects compared with SULT4A1-1-negative subjects.
    Title: Replication of SULT4A1-1 as a pharmacogenetic marker of olanzapine response and evidence of lower weight gain in the high response group.
  7. determination of SULT4A1-1 haplotype status might be useful for identifying patients who show an enhanced response to long-term olanzapine treatment.
    Title: Evidence for a SULT4A1 haplotype correlating with baseline psychopathology and atypical antipsychotic response.
  8. Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
    Title: MicroRNA-related genetic variations as predictors for risk of second primary tumor and/or recurrence in patients with early-stage head and neck cancer.
  9. Cytosolic SULT4A1 interacts with PIN1.
    Title: Cytosolic Aryl sulfotransferase 4A1 interacts with the peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase Pin1.
  10. These results provide the first evidence of how genetic variation in Sult4A1 may be related to clinical symptoms and cognitive function in schizophrenia
    Title: Association of Sult4A1 SNPs with psychopathology and cognition in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Exploring genome-wide - dietary heme iron intake interactions and the risk of type 2 diabetes.
EBI GWAS Catalog

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC40032

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables identical protein binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables sulfotransferase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables sulfotransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables sulfotransferase activity NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in dendrite arborization IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in sulfation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cytosol IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in mitochondrion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Preferred Names
sulfotransferase 4A1
Names
ST4A1
brain sulfotransferase-like protein
hBR-STL
nervous system cytosolic sulfotransferase
nervous system sulfotransferase
sulfotransferase-related protein
NP_055166.1
XP_011528422.1
XP_011528423.1
XP_047297277.1
XP_047297278.1
XP_054181480.1
XP_054181481.1
XP_054181482.1
XP_054181483.1

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_014351.4 → NP_055166.1  sulfotransferase 4A1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_055166.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AF251263, Z97055
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS14051.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R7N3, O43728, Q9BR01
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z320
    Related
    ENSP00000332565.4, ENST00000330884.9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00685
    Location:45 → 277
    Sulfotransfer_1; Sulfotransferase domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000022.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    43824509..43862513 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_011530121.2 → XP_011528423.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011528423.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z2E1
    Related
    ENSP00000554878.1, ENST00000884819.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl21551
    Location:59 → 164
    Sulfotransfer_1; Sulfotransferase domain

  2. XM_047441322.1 → XP_047297278.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X4

  3. XM_047441321.1 → XP_047297277.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z320
    Related
    ENSP00000388285.1, ENST00000422525.1

  4. XM_011530120.4 → XP_011528422.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X3

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00685
    Location:45 → 167
    Sulfotransfer_1; Sulfotransferase domain

RNA

  1. XR_937839.4 RNA Sequence

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060946.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    44307367..44345097 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054325506.1 → XP_054181481.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z2E1

  2. XM_054325508.1 → XP_054181483.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X4

  3. XM_054325505.1 → XP_054181480.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z320

  4. XM_054325507.1 → XP_054181482.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X3

RNA

  1. XR_008485384.1 RNA Sequence

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_176874.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_176874.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9BR01.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9BR01

Gene LinkOut

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