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Gpd2 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

Gene ID: 25062, updated on 5-Jul-2025
Official Symbol
Gpd2provided by RGD
Official Full Name
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2provided by RGD
Primary source
RGD:2726
See related
Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000033824 AllianceGenome:RGD:2726
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
PROVISIONAL
Organism
Rattus norvegicus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as
mtGPDH
Summary
Enables glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity. Involved in NAD+ metabolic process and glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process. Predicted to be active in mitochondrial inner membrane. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Orthologous to human GPD2 (glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Expression
Biased expression in Testes (RPKM 299.3), Adrenal (RPKM 206.5) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human mouse all
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See Gpd2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
3q21
Exon count:
22
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 3 NC_086021.1 (62209432..62346590)
RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 3 NC_051338.1 (41800552..41937729)
106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 3 NC_005102.4 (43223892..43359069)

Chromosome 3 - NC_086021.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene transfer RNA alanine (anticodon CGC) 1 Neighboring gene transfer RNA glycine (anticodon GCC) 1 Neighboring gene Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, pseudogene 4 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC120101440

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
  • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
  • BioProject: PRJNA238328
  • Publication: PMID 24510058
  • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Cloning of a cDNA for the FAD-linked glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from rat liver and its regulation by thyroid hormones. Müller S, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1994 Oct 25. PMID 7937996, Free PMC Article
  2. ROS generation and multiple forms of mammalian mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Mráček T, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2014 Jan. PMID 23999537
  3. Sequence of rat mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase cDNA. Evidence for EF-hand calcium-binding domains. Brown LJ, et al. J Biol Chem, 1994 May 20. PMID 8182039
  4. Genetic mapping and chromosome localization of the rat mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene, a candidate for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Koike G, et al. Genomics, 1996 Nov 15. PMID 8954787
  5. Chronic leptin treatment inhibits liver mitochondrial alpha-glycerol-beta-phosphate dehydrogenase in euthyroid rats. Oliveira E, et al. Horm Metab Res, 2007 Dec. PMID 17973206

See all (21) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. By this approach, we also directly demonstrated that isolated mGPDH itself as well as its supramolecular assemblies are all capable of ROS production.
    Title: ROS generation and multiple forms of mammalian mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
  2. These results show that leptin downregulates mGPD activity, mainly when hyperleptinemia is chronic.
    Title: Chronic leptin treatment inhibits liver mitochondrial alpha-glycerol-beta-phosphate dehydrogenase in euthyroid rats.
  3. the up-regulation of mGPDH, due to a highly glycolytic environment, contributes to the overall increase in ROS generation and may result in the progression of prostate cancer
    Title: Increased expression of mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and antioxidant enzymes in prostate cancer cell lines/cancer.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables calcium ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables oxidoreductase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in NAD+ metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in NAD+ metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within camera-type eye development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within camera-type eye development ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within gluconeogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within gluconeogenesis ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in glycerol catabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organism growth IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organism growth ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in mitochondrial inner membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in mitochondrial inner membrane ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
is_active_in mitochondrion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in mitochondrion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in mitochondrion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Preferred Names
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Names
GPD-M
GPDH-M
Glycerol-3-phosophate dehydrogenase 2 (mitochondrial)
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial
mtGPDH gene, promoter region and alternative transcripts
NP_036868.1
XP_038960257.1
XP_038960258.1
XP_038960259.1
XP_038960262.1
XP_038960263.1
XP_063139207.1

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_012736.2 → NP_036868.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_036868.1

    Status: PROVISIONAL

    Source sequence(s)
    JAXUCZ010000003
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P35571
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F1LNI0
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000043749.6, ENSRNOT00000044419.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd00051
    Location:627 → 689
    EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...
    cl40741
    Location:1 → 599
    DAO; FAD dependent oxidoreductase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

  1. NC_086021.1 Reference GRCr8

    Range
    62209432..62346590
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_039104331.2 → XP_038960259.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P35571
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F1LNI0
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000071643.3, ENSRNOT00000090323.3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd00051
    Location:627 → 689
    EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...
    cl40741
    Location:1 → 599
    DAO; FAD dependent oxidoreductase

  2. XM_039104334.2 → XP_038960262.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8I5ZUG1, F1LNI0
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000082171.1, ENSRNOT00000110582.2
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd00051
    Location:627 → 689
    EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...
    cl40741
    Location:1 → 599
    DAO; FAD dependent oxidoreductase

  3. XM_039104330.2 → XP_038960258.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P35571
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F1LNI0
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd00051
    Location:627 → 689
    EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...
    cl40741
    Location:1 → 599
    DAO; FAD dependent oxidoreductase

  4. XM_039104329.2 → XP_038960257.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P35571
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F1LNI0
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd00051
    Location:627 → 689
    EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...
    cl40741
    Location:1 → 599
    DAO; FAD dependent oxidoreductase

  5. XM_063283137.1 → XP_063139207.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P35571
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F1LNI0

  6. XM_039104335.2 → XP_038960263.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X3

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0G2K1F9, F1LNI0
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000071823.2, ENSRNOT00000088589.3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd00051
    Location:600 → 662
    EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...
    cl40741
    Location:23 → 572
    DAO; FAD dependent oxidoreductase
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P35571.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P35571

Gene LinkOut

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