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Tg thyroglobulin [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 21819, updated on 8-Apr-2026
Official Symbol
Tgprovided by MGI
Official Full Name
thyroglobulinprovided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:98733
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000053469 AllianceGenome:MGI:98733
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
Tgn; cog
Summary
Enables identical protein binding activity. Involved in thyroid hormone generation. Acts upstream of or within iodide transport; regulation of myelination; and thyroid hormone metabolic process. Located in extracellular space. Is expressed in thyroid gland; thyroid gland follicle; thyroid gland left lobe colloid-filled follicles; thyroid gland lobe; and thyroid gland right lobe colloid-filled follicles. Used to study congenital hypothyroidism. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in autoimmune disease of endocrine system (multiple); goiter; liver disease (multiple); and thyroid dyshormonogenesis 3. Orthologous to human TG (thyroglobulin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Expression
Biased expression in testis adult (RPKM 1.0), genital fat pad adult (RPKM 0.3) and 10 other tissues See more
Orthologs
all
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Try the new Transcripts and proteins table
Location:
15 D2; 15 29.3 cM
Exon count:
49
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 15 NC_000081.7 (66542606..66722570)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 15 NC_000081.6 (66670754..66850721)

Chromosome 15 - NC_000081.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene transmembrane protein 71 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr15:66392494-66392795 Neighboring gene PHD finger protein 20-like 1 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr15:66511565-66511866 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr15:66616909-66617209 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E5484 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr15:66650248-66650357 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer mm104 Neighboring gene src-like adaptor Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E5485 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 46514 Neighboring gene cellular communication network factor 4

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Thyrocyte cell survival and adaptation to chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress due to misfolded thyroglobulin. Morishita Y, et al. J Biol Chem, 2020 May 15. PMID 32241916, Free PMC Article
  2. The thyroxine-containing thyroglobulin peptide (aa 2549-2560) is a target epitope in iodide-accelerated spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis. Kolypetri P, et al. J Immunol, 2014 Jul 1. PMID 24879795
  3. Mouse thyroglobulin: conservation of sequence homology in C-terminal immunogenic regions of thyroglobulin. Kuppers RC, et al. Autoimmunity, 1996. PMID 8879453
  4. An endoplasmic reticulum storage disease causing congenital goiter with hypothyroidism. Kim PS, et al. J Cell Biol, 1996 May. PMID 8636228, Free PMC Article
  5. A variant of adenomatous goiter with characteristic histology and possible hereditary thyroglobulin abnormality. Yoshida S, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1996 May. PMID 8626865

See all (115) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Maintaining the thyroid gland in mutant thyroglobulin-induced hypothyroidism requires thyroid cell proliferation that must continue in adulthood.
    Title: Maintaining the thyroid gland in mutant thyroglobulin-induced hypothyroidism requires thyroid cell proliferation that must continue in adulthood.
  2. Thyrocyte cell survival and adaptation to chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress due to misfolded thyroglobulin.
    Title: Thyrocyte cell survival and adaptation to chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress due to misfolded thyroglobulin.
  3. antepenultimate residue of TG as a major T3-forming site, but also demonstrate that the side chain of this residue intimately interacts with the same residue in the apposed monomer of the TG dimer.
    Title: Relationship between the dimerization of thyroglobulin and its ability to form triiodothyronine.
  4. Findings suggest that coumestrol treatment may have some beneficial actions against thyroid-specific thyroglobulin (Tg) autoantibody production in the development of autoimmune thyroiditis through suppression of Th1 response.
    Title: Coumestrol inhibits autoantibody production through modulating Th1 response in experimental autoimmune thyroiditis.
  5. these data identify for the first time a Tg T cell epitope as a spontaneous target in ISAT.
    Title: The thyroxine-containing thyroglobulin peptide (aa 2549-2560) is a target epitope in iodide-accelerated spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis.
  6. Final acquisition of secretory competence includes conformational maturation in the interval between linker and hinge segments of region I of thyroglobulin.
    Title: Maturation of thyroglobulin protein region I.
  7. The results showed that thyroglobulin message or protein is not expressed in placenta, decidua, or ovary in any stages of pregnancy.
    Title: Evaluation of thyroglobulin expression in murine reproductive organs during pregnancy.
  8. Findings demonstrate a novel aspect of murine and human thyroid autoimmunity, namely breaking B cell self-tolerance occurs first for Tg and subsequently for TPO.
    Title: Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase arise spontaneously with age in NOD.H-2h4 mice and appear after thyroglobulin antibodies.
  9. These results indicate that Runx2 deficiency in mice causes decreased Tg expression and a novel type of hypothyroidism.
    Title: Runx2 deficiency in mice causes decreased thyroglobulin expression and hypothyroidism.
  10. Development of iodine-accelerated autoimmune thyroiditis in NOD.H2h4 mice is not associated with enhanced iodine organification or differential B- or T-cell responses to iodinated determinants in Tg.
    Title: Iodine content of thyroglobulin in Nod.H2h4 mice developing iodine-accelerated autoimmune thyroiditis.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (16)

Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC117699

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables anion binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables identical protein binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables identical protein binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables protein-containing complex binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables protein-folding chaperone binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables signaling receptor binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within iodide transport IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of myelination IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to pH ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in thyroid gland development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in thyroid hormone generation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in thyroid hormone generation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in thyroid hormone generation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in thyroid hormone generation ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within thyroid hormone metabolic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in transcytosis ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in extracellular region IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in extracellular region IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in extracellular region IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in extracellular region ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
part_of protein-containing complex ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Preferred Names
thyroglobulin
Names
congenital goiter

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_009375.2 → NP_033401.2  thyroglobulin precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_033401.2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    BC111467, CK788949, CK789624, U76389
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS37091.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O08710, O88590, Q2NKY1, Q9QWY7
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000070239.8, ENSMUST00000065916.14
    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    smart00211
    Location:1519 → 1566
    TY; Thyroglobulin type I repeats
    cd00191
    Location:96 → 161
    TY; Thyroglobulin type I repeats.; The N-terminal region of human thyroglobulin contains 11 type-1 repeats TY repeats are proposed to be inhibitors of cysteine proteases
    pfam00135
    Location:2192 → 2717
    COesterase; Carboxylesterase family
    pfam07699
    Location:1464 → 1509
    GCC2_GCC3; GCC2 and GCC3
    cl00150
    Location:893 → 922
    TY; Thyroglobulin type I repeats.; The N-terminal region of human thyroglobulin contains 11 type-1 repeats TY repeats are proposed to be inhibitors of cysteine proteases

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000081.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    66542606..66722570
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_006520745.4 → XP_006520808.2  thyroglobulin isoform X1

    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    smart00211
    Location:1519 → 1566
    TY; Thyroglobulin type I repeats
    cd00191
    Location:96 → 161
    TY; Thyroglobulin type I repeats.; The N-terminal region of human thyroglobulin contains 11 type-1 repeats TY repeats are proposed to be inhibitors of cysteine proteases
    pfam07699
    Location:1464 → 1509
    Ephrin_rec_like; Putative ephrin-receptor like
    pfam00135
    Location:2198 → 2717
    COesterase; Carboxylesterase family
    cl00150
    Location:893 → 922
    TY; Thyroglobulin type I repeats.; The N-terminal region of human thyroglobulin contains 11 type-1 repeats TY repeats are proposed to be inhibitors of cysteine proteases

RNA

  1. XR_004938813.1 RNA Sequence

Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O08710.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O08710

Gene LinkOut

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