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hmp-2 Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat protein;Beta-catenin-like protein hmp-2 [ Caenorhabditis elegans ]

Gene ID: 173338, updated on 4-Feb-2026
Official Symbol
hmp-2
Official Full Name
Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat protein;Beta-catenin-like protein hmp-2
Primary source
WormBase:WBGene00001979
Locus tag
CELE_K05C4.6
See related
AllianceGenome:WB:WBGene00001979
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Caenorhabditis elegans (strain: Bristol N2)
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Nematoda; Chromadorea; Rhabditida; Rhabditina; Rhabditomorpha; Rhabditoidea; Rhabditidae; Peloderinae; Caenorhabditis
Summary
Enables several functions, including alpha-catenin binding activity; cadherin binding activity; and transcription coactivator activity. Involved in several processes, including cytoskeleton organization; embryonic morphogenesis; and left/right axis specification. Located in adherens junction and nucleus. Part of catenin complex. Is expressed in distal tip cell; germ cell; and intestine. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including cardiomyopathy (multiple); hepatocellular carcinoma (multiple); palmoplantar keratosis (multiple); reproductive organ cancer (multiple); and urinary system cancer (multiple). Orthologous to human CTNNB1 (catenin beta 1) and JUP (junction plakoglobin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
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See hmp-2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
chromosome: I
Exon count:
6
Sequence:
Chromosome: I; NC_003279.8 (14738882..14742671)

Chromosome I - NC_003279.8Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene Leucine Rich repeat-containing domain protein Neighboring gene Armadillo repeat-containing protein 1 Neighboring gene WD_REPEATS_REGION domain-containing protein Neighboring gene F-box/LRR-repeat protein

Genomic Sequence:
NC_003279.8

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of the β-catenin homolog HMP-2 from Caenorhabditis elegans. Choi HJ, et al. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun, 2015 Mar. PMID 25760700, Free PMC Article
  2. Purification, crystallization and initial crystallographic analysis of the α-catenin homologue HMP-1 from Caenorhabditis elegans. Kang H, et al. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun, 2016 Mar. PMID 26919528, Free PMC Article
  3. Cell-cell adhesion in metazoans relies on evolutionarily conserved features of the α-catenin·β-catenin-binding interface. Shao X, et al. J Biol Chem, 2017 Oct 6. PMID 28842483, Free PMC Article
  4. Single-molecule force spectroscopy reveals intra- and intermolecular interactions of Caenorhabditis elegans HMP-1 during mechanotransduction. Le S, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2024 Sep 10. PMID 39236238, Free PMC Article
  5. Neuron-specific regulation of associative learning and memory by MAGI-1 in C. elegans. Stetak A, et al. PLoS One, 2009 Jun 24. PMID 19551147, Free PMC Article

See all (93) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Deletion analysis based on the crystal structure shows that the first helix of HMP-1 is necessary for binding HMP-2 avidly in vitro and for efficient recruitment of HMP-1 to adherens junctions in embryos. HMP-2 Ser-47 and Tyr-69 flank its binding interface with HMP-1, and we show that phosphomimetic mutations at these two sites decrease binding affinity of HMP-1 to HMP-2 by 40-100-fold
    Title: Cell-cell adhesion in metazoans relies on evolutionarily conserved features of the α-catenin·β-catenin-binding interface.
  2. HMP-1 bound filamentous actin with an affinity in the single micromolar range, even when complexed with the beta-catenin homolog HMP-2 or when present in a complex of HMP-2 and the cadherin homolog HMR-1, indicating that HMP-1 binding to F-actin is not allosterically regulated by the HMP-2.HMR-1 complex.
    Title: Structural and functional characterization of Caenorhabditis elegans α-catenin reveals constitutive binding to β-catenin and F-actin.
  3. The beta-catenin HMP-2 functions downstream of Src in parallel with the Wnt pathway in early embryogenesis of C. elegans.
    Title: The β-catenin HMP-2 functions downstream of Src in parallel with the Wnt pathway in early embryogenesis of C. elegans.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by WormBase

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables alpha-catenin binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables alpha-catenin binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables cadherin binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables cadherin binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables cadherin binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables molecular function inhibitor activity IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables nuclear receptor binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein domain specific binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein kinase binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein phosphatase binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables transcription coactivator activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables transcription coactivator activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in canonical Wnt signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in canonical Wnt signaling pathway IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cell adhesion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in cell migration IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cell migration involved in gastrulation IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cell-cell adhesion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin EXP
Inferred from Experiment
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cortical actin cytoskeleton organization IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in embryonic body morphogenesis IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in establishment of mitotic spindle orientation IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in left/right axis specification IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of cell division IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of protein localization IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in adherens junction EXP
Inferred from Experiment
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in adherens junction IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in adherens junction IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in adherens junction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
part_of catenin complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of catenin complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of catenin complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Preferred Names
Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat protein;Beta-catenin-like protein hmp-2
NP_001252425.1
  • Partially confirmed by transcript evidence
NP_001252426.1
  • Confirmed by transcript evidence

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_003279.8 Reference assembly

    Range
    14738882..14742671
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001265496.4 → NP_001252425.1  Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat protein

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001252425.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    H2L2I2
    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    cd00020
    Location:357 → 473
    ARM; Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeats. An approximately 40 amino acid long tandemly repeated sequence motif first identified in the Drosophila segment polarity gene armadillo; these repeats were also found in the mammalian armadillo homolog beta-catenin, ...
    pfam00514
    Location:305 → 346
    Arm; Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat
    pfam13646
    Location:106 → 185
    HEAT_2; HEAT repeats
    sd00044
    Location:106 → 137
    HEAT; HEAT repeat [structural motif]
    sd00043
    Location:358 → 383
    ARM; armadillo repeat [structural motif]

  2. NM_001265497.4 → NP_001252426.1  Beta-catenin-like protein hmp-2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001252426.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O44326
    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    cd00020
    Location:331 → 447
    ARM; Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeats. An approximately 40 amino acid long tandemly repeated sequence motif first identified in the Drosophila segment polarity gene armadillo; these repeats were also found in the mammalian armadillo homolog beta-catenin, ...
    pfam00514
    Location:279 → 320
    Arm; Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat
    pfam13646
    Location:80 → 159
    HEAT_2; HEAT repeats
    sd00044
    Location:80 → 111
    HEAT; HEAT repeat [structural motif]
    sd00043
    Location:332 → 357
    ARM; armadillo repeat [structural motif]
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O44326.1

Gene LinkOut

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