PROM2 prominin 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: PROM2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: prominin 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:20685
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000155066 MIM:617160
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: PROML2
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the prominin family of pentaspan membrane glycoproteins. The encoded protein localizes to basal epithelial cells and may be involved in the organization of plasma membrane microdomains. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]
Expression: Biased expression in skin (RPKM 29.4), esophagus (RPKM 22.9) and 11 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2q11.1

Exon count:: 25

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
109.20210514	current	GRCh38.p13 (GCF_000001405.39)	2	NC_000002.12 (95274449..95291320)
105.20201022	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	2	NC_000002.11 (95940197..95957050)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

PROM2 promotes gemcitabine chemoresistance via activating the Akt signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer.
Title: PROM2 promotes gemcitabine chemoresistance via activating the Akt signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer.
PROM1 and PROM2 expression differentially modulates clinical prognosis of cancer: a multiomics analysis.
Title: PROM1 and PROM2 expression differentially modulates clinical prognosis of cancer: a multiomics analysis.
Prominin2 facilitates ferroptosis resistance in epithelial and carcinoma cells. Prominin2 promotes formation of ferritin-containing multivesicular bodies and exosomes.
Title: Prominin2 Drives Ferroptosis Resistance by Stimulating Iron Export.
Prom2 protrusions primarily localize to lipid rafts and recruit cholesterol into protrusions and away from caveolae, leading to increased phosphorylation of caveolin-1, which inhibits Cdc42-dependent endocytosis
Title: Prominin-2 expression increases protrusions, decreases caveolae and inhibits Cdc42 dependent fluid phase endocytosis.
Data show the distribution and subcellular localization of prominin-2 within the kidney in situ and its release into the urine.
Title: Prominin-2 is a novel marker of distal tubules and collecting ducts of the human and murine kidney.
prominin-2, another protein in the same family as CD133/prominin-1, may not play an important functional role in the growth of human glioma and hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Title: Effect of CD133/prominin-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide on in vitro growth characteristics of Huh-7 human hepatocarcinoma cells and U251 human glioma cells.
Prominin-2 is widely and abundantly expressed along the epithelia of various segments of the adult male genitourinary tract.
Title: Robust expression of Prominin-2 all along the adult male reproductive system and urinary bladder.
The PROM2 gene was shown to effectively separate these two tumor(chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and benign oncocytoma) groups by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR using fresh tissue samples, with similar trends seen on formalin-fixed tissues.
Title: Gene expression profiling separates chromophobe renal cell carcinoma from oncocytoma and identifies vesicular transport and cell junction proteins as differentially expressed genes.
identification as well as molecular and cell biological characterization
Title: Characterization of prominin-2, a new member of the prominin family of pentaspan membrane glycoproteins.

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Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

D8S2279 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:473907

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:483562

D5S1597E (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:151019

Homology

Homologs of the PROM2 gene: The PROM2 gene is conserved in chimpanzee, Rhesus monkey, dog, cow, mouse, rat, chicken, and frog.
Orthologs from Annotation Pipeline: 266 organisms have orthologs with human gene PROM2
Orthologs

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables cholesterol binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
enables cholesterol binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in negative regulation of caveolin-mediated endocytosis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of pinocytosis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell projection organization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of GTPase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
NOT involved_in regulation of clathrin-dependent endocytosis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in apical plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in basolateral plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cell projection	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in cell surface	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in cell surface	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
located_in ciliary membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cilium	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in cilium	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasmic vesicle	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
is_active_in integral component of plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in integral component of plasma membrane	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
colocalizes_with membrane raft	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
located_in microspike	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
is_active_in microvillus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in microvillus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
located_in microvillus membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in prominosome	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in prominosome	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: prominin-2

Names: prominin-like protein 2; prominin-related protein

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.