U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

ADH1B alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (class I), beta polypeptide [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 125, updated on 29-Mar-2023

Summary

Go to the top of the page Help
Official Symbol
ADH1Bprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (class I), beta polypeptideprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:250
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000196616 MIM:103720; AllianceGenome:HGNC:250
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
ADH2; HEL-S-117
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the alcohol dehydrogenase family. Members of this enzyme family metabolize a wide variety of substrates, including ethanol, retinol, other aliphatic alcohols, hydroxysteroids, and lipid peroxidation products. This encoded protein, consisting of several homo- and heterodimers of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits, exhibits high activity for ethanol oxidation and plays a major role in ethanol catabolism. Three genes encoding alpha, beta and gamma subunits are tandemly organized in a genomic segment as a gene cluster. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2013]
Expression
Biased expression in liver (RPKM 1714.7), fat (RPKM 1144.5) and 3 other tissues See more
Orthologs
all
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help
See ADH1B in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4q23
Exon count:
10
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_03 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (99304971..99321401, complement)
RS_2023_03 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (102619785..102636182, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (100226128..100242558, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC100507053 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr4:100207424-100208623 Neighboring gene ADH1A promoter Neighboring gene alcohol dehydrogenase 1A (class I), alpha polypeptide Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:100231513-100232014 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr4:100238861-100240060 Neighboring gene ADH1B promoter Neighboring gene ADH1C promoter region Neighboring gene alcohol dehydrogenase 1C (class I), gamma polypeptide Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC102723576 Neighboring gene D-E enhancer region downstream of ADH7

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help
  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

Go to the top of the pageHelp

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Racial/ethnic discrimination, ADH1B*3, and coping-motivated drinking among Black college students. Zaso MJ, et al. Am J Addict, 2022 Sep. PMID 35748313,
  2. Association of ADH1B polymorphism and alcohol consumption with increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke. Lin CH, et al. J Transl Med, 2021 May 29. PMID 34051793, Free PMC Article
  3. Variants in urate transporters, ADH1B, GCKR and MEPE genes associate with transition from asymptomatic hyperuricaemia to gout: results of the first gout versus asymptomatic hyperuricaemia GWAS in Caucasians using data from the UK Biobank. Sandoval-Plata G, et al. Ann Rheum Dis, 2021 Sep. PMID 33832965
  4. ADH2 Is Downregulated by Methylation and Acts as a Novel Biomarker for Breast Carcinoma Prognosis. Wu J, et al. Ann Clin Lab Sci, 2021 Jan. PMID 33653776
  5. Further evidence supporting a potential role for ADH1B in obesity. Morales LD, et al. Sci Rep, 2021 Jan 21. PMID 33479282, Free PMC Article

See all (408) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Impacts of ADH1B rs1229984 and ALDH2 rs671 polymorphisms on risks of alcohol-related disorder and cancer.
    Title: Impacts of ADH1B rs1229984 and ALDH2 rs671 polymorphisms on risks of alcohol-related disorder and cancer.
  2. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ADH1B, ADH1C and ALDH2 Genes in 235 People Living in Thai Nguyen Province of Vietnam.
    Title: Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ADH1B, ADH1C and ALDH2 Genes in 235 People Living in Thai Nguyen Province of Vietnam.
  3. Racial/ethnic discrimination, ADH1B*3, and coping-motivated drinking among Black college students.
    Title: Racial/ethnic discrimination, ADH1B*3, and coping-motivated drinking among Black college students.
  4. Relationship between Nutrition, Lifestyle, and Neurodegenerative Disease: Lessons from ADH1B, CYP1A2 and MTHFR.
    Title: Relationship between Nutrition, Lifestyle, and Neurodegenerative Disease: Lessons from ADH1B, CYP1A2 and MTHFR.
  5. Clinical features of superficial esophagus squamous cell carcinoma according to alcohol-degrading enzyme ADH1B and ALDH2 genotypes.
    Title: Clinical features of superficial esophagus squamous cell carcinoma according to alcohol-degrading enzyme ADH1B and ALDH2 genotypes.
  6. Genetic and shared couple environmental contributions to smoking and alcohol use in the UK population.
    Title: Genetic and shared couple environmental contributions to smoking and alcohol use in the UK population.
  7. Association between ALDH2 and ADH1B Polymorphisms and the Risk for Colorectal Cancer in Koreans.
    Title: Association between ALDH2 and ADH1B Polymorphisms and the Risk for Colorectal Cancer in Koreans.
  8. Variants in urate transporters, ADH1B, GCKR and MEPE genes associate with transition from asymptomatic hyperuricaemia to gout: results of the first gout versus asymptomatic hyperuricaemia GWAS in Caucasians using data from the UK Biobank.
    Title: Variants in urate transporters, ADH1B, GCKR and MEPE genes associate with transition from asymptomatic hyperuricaemia to gout: results of the first gout versus asymptomatic hyperuricaemia GWAS in Caucasians using data from the UK Biobank.
  9. Combinations of alcohol-induced flushing with genetic polymorphisms of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases and the risk of alcohol dependence in Japanese men and women.
    Title: Combinations of alcohol-induced flushing with genetic polymorphisms of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases and the risk of alcohol dependence in Japanese men and women.
  10. No association between alcohol consumption and pancreatic cancer even among individuals genetically susceptible to the carcinogenicity of alcohol.
    Title: No association between alcohol consumption and pancreatic cancer even among individuals genetically susceptible to the carcinogenicity of alcohol.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (250)

Phenotypes

Go to the top of the page Help

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Alcohol dependence
MedGen: C0001973 OMIM: 103780 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide association study of upper aerodigestive tract cancers conducted within the INHANCE consortium.
EBI GWAS Catalog
A meta-analysis of two genome-wide association studies to identify novel loci for maximum number of alcoholic drinks.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Extended genetic effects of ADH cluster genes on the risk of alcohol dependence: from GWAS to replication.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Functional variants in ADH1B and ALDH2 coupled with alcohol and smoking synergistically enhance esophageal cancer risk.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association analyses of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Chinese identify multiple susceptibility loci and gene-environment interactions.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide significant association between alcohol dependence and a variant in the ADH gene cluster.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

Go to the top of the page Help

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Tat tat Microarray analysis indicates HIV-1 Tat-induced upregulation of alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (class I), beta polypeptide (ADH1B) in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Go to the top of the page

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • DKFZp686C06125

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables NAD-retinol dehydrogenase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
enables NAD-retinol dehydrogenase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables alcohol dehydrogenase activity, zinc-dependent IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
enables alcohol dehydrogenase activity, zinc-dependent IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables zinc ion binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
enables zinc ion binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in ethanol oxidation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in ethanol oxidation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in retinoic acid metabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in retinoid metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in retinol metabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytosol IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help
Preferred Names
all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] ADH1B
Names
ADH, beta subunit
alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (class I), beta polypeptide
alcohol dehydrogenase subunit beta
aldehyde reductase
epididymis secretory protein Li 117
NP_000659.2
NP_001273579.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_011435.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5015..21445
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_000668.6 → NP_000659.2  all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] ADH1B isoform 1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC097530, AF153821, AK301018, BC033009, BU687181
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS34033.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P00325, Q96KI7
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    V9HW50
    Related
    ENSP00000306606.8, ENST00000305046.13
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd08299
    Location:3 → 375
    alcohol_DH_class_I_II_IV; class I, II, IV alcohol dehydrogenases

  2. NM_001286650.2 → NP_001273579.1  all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] ADH1B isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an alternate exon in the 5' end and uses a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is shorter at the N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC097530, AF153821, AK301018, BC033009, BU687181
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS68761.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P00325
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0D9SFH8, D6RHZ6
    Related
    ENSP00000425998.2, ENST00000506651.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd08299
    Location:1 → 335
    alcohol_DH_class_I_II_IV; class I, II, IV alcohol dehydrogenases

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_03

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    99304971..99321401 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    102619785..102636182 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P00325.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P00325

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Tools
Miscellaneous