Txn1 thioredoxin 1 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Txn1provided by RGD
Official Full Name: thioredoxin 1provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:621157
See related: AllianceGenome:RGD:621157
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: Txn
Summary: Enables enzyme binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to hyperoxia; response to dexamethasone; and response to thyroxine. Located in axon; dendrite; and neuronal cell body. Biomarker of glaucoma and steatotic liver disease. Orthologous to human TXN (thioredoxin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Expression: Biased expression in Kidney (RPKM 2346.5), Lung (RPKM 2217.8) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 5q24

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	5	NC_086023.1 (77507455..77519685, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	5	NC_051340.1 (72712334..72724564, complement)

Chromosome 5 - NC_086023.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Thioredoxin-1 Protects Neurons Through Inhibiting NLRP1-Mediated Neuronal Pyroptosis in Models of Alzheimer's Disease.
Title: Thioredoxin-1 Protects Neurons Through Inhibiting NLRP1-Mediated Neuronal Pyroptosis in Models of Alzheimer's Disease.
Thioredoxin1 Binding Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 Attenuates Inflammation and Apoptosis after Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
Title: Thioredoxin1 Binding Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 Attenuates Inflammation and Apoptosis after Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Preserves Mitochondrial Function in the Ischemic Heart: A Redox-dependent Mechanism for AMPK Activation by Thioredoxin-1.
Title: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Preserves Mitochondrial Function in the Ischemic Heart: A Redox-dependent Mechanism for AMPK Activation by Thioredoxin-1.
Thioredoxin-1 inhibits amyloid-beta25-35-induced activation of NLRP1/caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptotic pathway in PC12 cells.
Title: Thioredoxin-1 inhibits amyloid-β(25-35)-induced activation of NLRP1/caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptotic pathway in PC12 cells.
Thioredoxin-1 regulates calcium homeostasis in MPP(+) /MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease models.
Title: Thioredoxin-1 regulates calcium homeostasis in MPP(+) /MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease models.
Thioredoxin 1 is upregulated in the bone and bone marrow following experimental myocardial infarction: evidence for a remote organ response.
Title: Thioredoxin 1 is upregulated in the bone and bone marrow following experimental myocardial infarction: evidence for a remote organ response.
Thioredoxin 1 Plays a Protective Role in Retinas Exposed to Perinatal Hypoxia-Ischemia.
Title: Thioredoxin 1 Plays a Protective Role in Retinas Exposed to Perinatal Hypoxia-Ischemia.
The findings identify extracellular vesicles as a novel thioredoxin 1-mediated redox mediator of immune response.
Title: Extracellular vesicle-mediated macrophage activation: An insight into the mechanism of thioredoxin-mediated immune activation.
Thioredoxin is regulated by the ASK-1/Trx/TXNIP axis to maintain cellular redox homeostasis and is linked to testicular ischemia reperfusion injury -induced spermatozoa apoptosis via the ASK-1/JNK/p38/survivin apoptosis pathway.
Title: The Thioredoxin System is Regulated by the ASK-1/JNK/p38/Survivin Pathway During Germ Cell Apoptosis.
mTOR is a direct interacting partner of Trx1 in the heart. Trx1 protects cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress by reducing mTOR at Cys-1483, thereby preserving the activity of mTOR and inhibiting cell death.
Title: Thioredoxin-1 maintains mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) function during oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (46)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH94605 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:119853

AW550880 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:179004

BQ201341 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:260672

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables enzyme binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein homodimerization activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein-disulfide reductase [NAD(P)H] activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein-disulfide reductase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein-disulfide reductase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein-disulfide reductase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables thioredoxin-disulfide reductase (NADPH) activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell redox homeostasis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell redox homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cell redox homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular detoxification of hydrogen peroxide	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to antibiotic	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to glucose stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to hyperoxia	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of protein export from nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of DNA binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to activity	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to axon injury	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to dexamethasone	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to nitric oxide	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to radiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to radiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in response to selenium ion	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to thyroxine	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in axon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in dendrite	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular region	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in neuronal cell body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: thioredoxin

Names: trx

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.