CHRNB2 cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 2 subunit [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CHRNB2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 2 subunitprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:1962
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000160716 MIM:118507
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: EFNL3; nAChRB2
Summary: Neuronal acetylcholine receptors are homo- or heteropentameric complexes composed of homologous alpha and beta subunits. They belong to a superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels which allow the flow of sodium and potassium across the plasma membrane in response to ligands such as acetylcholine and nicotine. This gene encodes one of several beta subunits. Mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Biased expression in brain (RPKM 9.5), adrenal (RPKM 0.7) and 1 other tissue See more
Orthologs: mouse all

Genomic context

Location:: 1q21.3

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
109	current	GRCh38.p12 (GCF_000001405.38)	1	NC_000001.11 (154567781..154584708)
105	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	1	NC_000001.10 (154540257..154552354)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into FunctionsWhat's a GeneRIF?

cryoelectron microscopy and the structural principles of distinct assemblies of the human alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptor
Title: Structural principles of distinct assemblies of the human α4β2 nicotinic receptor.
the mechanism of interaction between [Upsilon4E]GID and the agonist binding pockets of the alpha4beta2 and the halpha7 receptors, and to estimate their relative binding affinities, was investigated.
Title: Molecular simulation study of the unbinding of α-conotoxin [ϒ4E]GID at the α7 and α4β2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Reactive oxygen species, generated by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), could cause the current rundown in alpha4beta2 nAChRs, which may play a role in Parkinson disease.
Title: Molecular basis of reactive oxygen species-induced inactivation of α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Data suggest that amino acid residues alpha4Gly-41, alpha4Lys-64, and alpha4Thr-66 are critical for (alpha4)3(beta2)2 neuronal AChR potentiation by positive allosteric modulator (PAM) CMPI, but not by PAM NS9283; amino acid substitution at alpha4His-116, a known determinant of NS9283 binding and of agonist binding at alpha4:alpha4 subunit interface, did not reduce CMPI potentiation.
Title: Unraveling amino acid residues critical for allosteric potentiation of (α4)3(β2)2-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor responses.
This study shows that unorthodox acetylcholine binding sites can form at the alpha5/alpha4 and beta3/alpha4 interfaces in (alpha4beta2)2alpha5 and (alpha4beta2)2beta3 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and at the alpha4/alpha5 in (beta2alpha4)2alpha5 nAChRs.
Title: Unorthodox Acetylcholine Binding Sites Formed by α5 and β3 Accessory Subunits in α4β2* Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors.
The form containing three copies of alpha4 and two of beta2 was potentiated at low concentrations of acetylcholine chloride (ACh) and physostigmine, whereas the form containing two copies of alpha4 and three of beta2 was inhibited.
Title: The E Loop of the Transmitter Binding Site Is a Key Determinant of the Modulatory Effects of Physostigmine on Neuronal Nicotinic α4β2 Receptors.
X-ray crystallographic structure of the human alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptor, the most abundant nicotinic subtype in the brain; structure provides insights into the architectural principles governing ligand recognition, heteromer assembly, ion permeation and desensitization in this prototypical receptor class
Title: X-ray structure of the human α4β2 nicotinic receptor.
findings indicate that alterations in expression of the alpha4beta2 subtype of nAChR may be involved in the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the cognitive deficit associated with vascular dementia
Title: Inhibited Expression of α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>2</sub> Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor in Blood Leukocytes of Chinese Patients with Vascular Dementia and in Blood Leukocytes as Well as the Hippocampus of Brain from Ischemic Rats.
MAFA controls autonomic nervous system-mediated insulin secretion by activating the transcription of nicotinic (ChrnB2 and ChrnB4) receptor genes, which is impaired in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Title: MafA-Controlled Nicotinic Receptor Expression Is Essential for Insulin Secretion and Is Impaired in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
the identity of subunits neighboring the otherwise equivalent alpha4(+)/(-)beta2 agonist sites modifies their contributions to nAChR activation and E-loop residues are an important contributor to this neighbor effect
Title: Differential α4(+)/(-)β2 Agonist-binding Site Contributions to α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function within and between Isoforms.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (77)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Epilepsy, nocturnal frontal lobe, type 3 MedGen: C1854335 OMIM: 605375 GeneReviews: Autosomal Dominant Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy	Compare labs

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	HIV-1 gp120 binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in muscle cells and neurons	PubMed

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Pathways from BioSystems

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Acetylcholine Binding And Downstream Events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Acetylcholine Binding And Downstream Events, organism-specific biosystem
Acetylcholine Binding And Downstream Events
Activation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Activation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, organism-specific biosystemNicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchR) are a subtype of acetylcholine receptors that are activated by nicotine and allow the influx of monovalent (sodium) and divalent cations(calcium), however, t...
Cholinergic synapse, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Cholinergic synapse, organism-specific biosystemAcetylcholine (ACh) is a neurotransmitter widely distributed in the central (and also peripheral, autonomic and enteric) nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, ACh facilitates many functions, such as lear...
Circadian rythm related genes, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Circadian rythm related genes, organism-specific biosystemThis is currently not a pathway but a list of circadian rhythm related genes and proteins. The source for this information is the gene ontology. The genes and proteins were filtered for "circadian rh...
Highly calcium permeable nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Highly calcium permeable nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, organism-specific biosystemNicotinic acetylcholine receptors exhibit high influx of Ca2+, the degree of Ca2+ permeability is dependent on the subunit composition; homomeric acetylcholine receptors containing aplha 7 subunits a...
Highly calcium permeable postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Highly calcium permeable postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, organism-specific biosystemPostsynaptic acetylcholine receptors mediate Ca2+ currents that may be involved in the facilitation of long term potentiation (LTP).
Highly sodium permeable acetylcholine nicotinic receptors, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Highly sodium permeable acetylcholine nicotinic receptors, organism-specific biosystemNicotinic acetylcholne receptors that have low Ca2+ permeability allow the influx of Na+ which causes depolarization of the membrane initiating voltage dependent responses such as activation of volt...
Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, organism-specific biosystem
Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, conserved biosystem
Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
Neuronal System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Neuronal System, organism-specific biosystemThe human brain contains at least 100 billion neurons, each with the ability to influence many other cells. Clearly, highly sophisticated and efficient mechanisms are needed to enable communication a...
Neurotransmitter Receptor Binding And Downstream Transmission In The Postsynaptic Cell, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Neurotransmitter Receptor Binding And Downstream Transmission In The Postsynaptic Cell, organism-specific biosystemThe neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft released by the pre-synaptic neuron binds specific receptors located on the post-synaptic terminal. These receptors are either ion channels or G protein cou...
Nicotine Activity on Dopaminergic Neurons, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Nicotine Activity on Dopaminergic Neurons, organism-specific biosystemNicotine is an alkaloid found in tobacco plants. It is a substance that acts as a stimulant in humans and is one of the main factors responsible for tobacco dependence. When nicotine enters the body,...
Nicotine addiction, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Nicotine addiction, organism-specific biosystemNicotine is one of the main psychoactive ingredients in tobacco that contributes to the harmful tobacco smoking habit. A common feature of addictive drugs, including nicotine, is that they increase d...
Nicotine addiction, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Nicotine addiction, conserved biosystemNicotine is one of the main psychoactive ingredients in tobacco that contributes to the harmful tobacco smoking habit. A common feature of addictive drugs, including nicotine, is that they increase d...
Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, organism-specific biosystemNicotinic acetylcholine receptors are found in the postsynaptic terminals and these receptors are responsible in mediating postsynaptic currents. Most common types of postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcho...
Presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, organism-specific biosystemPresynaptic terminal acetylcholine receptors are located at or near nerve terminal and modulate the release of neurotransmitter such as glutamate, noradrenaline and dopamine. Activation of presynapti...
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways, organism-specific biosystemIn this model, we provide an integrated view of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) at the level of implicated tissues, signaling networks and genetics. The purpose of this model is to serve as an ov...
Transmission across Chemical Synapses, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Transmission across Chemical Synapses, organism-specific biosystemChemical synapses are specialized junctions that are used for communication between neurons, neurons and muscle or gland cells. The synapse involves a pre-synaptic neuron and a post-synaptic neuron,...

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH70833 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:10514

RH46993 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:52767

STS-U62437 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:68436

WI-19921 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:43447

CHRNB2_23 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:276176

STS-R37134 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:45033

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:482289

Homology

Homologs of the CHRNB2 gene: The CHRNB2 gene is conserved in chimpanzee, Rhesus monkey, dog, cow, mouse, rat, chicken, zebrafish, fruit fly, mosquito, and frog.
Orthologs from Annotation Pipeline: 214 organisms have orthologs with human gene CHRNB2
Orthologs

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
contributes_to acetylcholine binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
acetylcholine binding	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
acetylcholine binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
contributes_to acetylcholine receptor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
acetylcholine receptor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acetylcholine-gated cation-selective channel activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acetylcholine-gated cation-selective channel activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acetylcholine-gated cation-selective channel activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
contributes_to extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
ligand-gated ion channel activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
protein heterodimerization activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
B cell activation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
action potential	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
associative learning	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
behavioral response to nicotine	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
calcium ion transport	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
chemical synaptic transmission	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
cognition	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
conditioned taste aversion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
excitatory postsynaptic potential	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
ion transmembrane transport	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
ion transport	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
lateral geniculate nucleus development	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
learning	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
locomotory behavior	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
membrane depolarization	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
memory	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
negative regulation of action potential	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
nervous system process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
nervous system process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
neuromuscular synaptic transmission	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
optic nerve morphogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
positive regulation of B cell proliferation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
positive regulation of dopamine secretion	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
protein heterooligomerization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
regulation of dendrite morphogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
regulation of dopamine metabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
regulation of dopamine secretion	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
regulation of membrane potential	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
regulation of synapse assembly	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
response to acetylcholine	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
response to cocaine	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
response to ethanol	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
response to hypoxia	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
response to nicotine	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
response to nicotine	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
sensory perception of pain	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
sensory perception of sound	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
signal transduction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
smooth muscle contraction	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
social behavior	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
synaptic transmission involved in micturition	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
synaptic transmission, cholinergic	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
synaptic transmission, cholinergic	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
vestibulocochlear nerve development	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
visual learning	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
visual perception	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
acetylcholine-gated channel complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
acetylcholine-gated channel complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
cell junction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
cholinergic synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
dopaminergic synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
external side of plasma membrane	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
integral component of membrane	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
integral component of plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
integral component of postsynaptic specialization membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
integral component of presynaptic membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
neuron projection	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
plasma membrane raft	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
synapse	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2

Names: acetylcholine receptor, nicotinic, beta 2 (neuronal); beta2 human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; cholinergic receptor, nicotinic beta 2; cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, beta 2 (neuronal); cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, beta polypeptide 2 (neuronal); neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta 2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_008027.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5001..17098

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_000748.2 → NP_000739.1 neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000739.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AL592078, R40506, U62437

Consensus CDS

CCDS1070.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P17787

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q5SXY3

Related

ENSP00000357461.3, ENST00000368476.3

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam02931
Location:29 → 234

Neur_chan_LBD; Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel ligand binding domain

pfam02932
Location:241 → 478

Neur_chan_memb; Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel transmembrane region