IFITM2 interferon induced transmembrane protein 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: IFITM2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: interferon induced transmembrane protein 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:5413
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000185201 MIM:605578
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: 1-8D; DSPA2c
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in appendix (RPKM 262.7), spleen (RPKM 209.9) and 23 other tissues See more
Orthologs: all

Genomic context

Location:: 11p15.5

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
109.20200228	current	GRCh38.p13 (GCF_000001405.39)	11	NC_000011.10 (308107..309410)
105	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	11	NC_000011.9 (308095..309410)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

These studies identify a novel role for IFITM1, 2, and 3 in inhibiting HIV replication at the level of translation.
Title: IFITM proteins inhibit HIV-1 protein synthesis.
overexpression of IFITM1, 2 and 3 suppressed entry of CXCR4 and CCR5 tropic viruses; entry of transmitted founder HIV-1 in U87 cells is more sensitive to inhibition by IFITM2 and IFITM3 than by IFITM1
Title: The Inhibition of HIV-1 Entry Imposed by Interferon Inducible Transmembrane Proteins Is Independent of Co-Receptor Usage.
Delta20 IFITM2 may serve as a major contributor to the gatekeeping mechanism that explains restriction of X4 viruses in the early stage of HIV-1 infection
Title: Δ20 IFITM2 differentially restricts X4 and R5 HIV-1.
These results indicate that IFITM2 protein can restrict alphavirus infection by inhibiting viral fusion with cellular membranes.
Title: Alphavirus Restriction by IFITM Proteins.
The transcriptional regulation of IFITM1, 2 and 3 expression.
Title: Coordinated regulation of IFITM1, 2 and 3 genes by an IFN-responsive enhancer through long-range chromatin interactions.
IFITM2 promotes gastric cancer growth and metastasis via IGF1/IGF1R/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Title: IGF1/IGF1R/STAT3 signaling-inducible IFITM2 promotes gastric cancer growth and metastasis.
findings show that the sensitivity of influenza A viruses to the IFN-induced antiviral state and IFITM2 and IFITM3 proteins depends on the pH value at which the viral HA undergoes a conformational transition and mediates membrane fusion
Title: pH Optimum of Hemagglutinin-Mediated Membrane Fusion Determines Sensitivity of Influenza A Viruses to the Interferon-Induced Antiviral State and IFITMs.
IFITM2 and IFITM3 specifically antagonize the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env), thereby inhibiting viral infection.
Title: IFITM Proteins Restrict HIV-1 Infection by Antagonizing the Envelope Glycoprotein.
propose that the IFITM proteins act in a coordinated manner to restrict HCV infection by targeting the endocytosed HCV virion for lysosomal degradation and demonstrate that the actions of the IFITM proteins are indeed virus and cell-type specific
Title: The Interferon-induced Transmembrane Proteins, IFITM1, IFITM2, and IFITM3 Inhibit Hepatitis C Virus Entry.
G3BP1, G3BP2 and CAPRIN1 are required for translation of interferon stimulated mRNAs and are targeted by a dengue virus non-coding RNA.
Title: G3BP1, G3BP2 and CAPRIN1 are required for translation of interferon stimulated mRNAs and are targeted by a dengue virus non-coding RNA.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (19)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Replication interactions

Interaction	Pubs
HIV-1 CXCR4-tropic virus replication is restricted by IFITM2 and IFITM3 as shown through shRNA knockdown	PubMed
HIV-1 CCR5-tropic virus replication is restricted by IFITM1 and IFITM2 as shown through shRNA knockdown	PubMed
HIV-1 infectivity is inhibited when IFITM2 is expressed by the virus producing cell (293T cells)	PubMed
HIV-1 cell-to-cell transmission (Jurkat-to-Jurkat, 293T-to-Jurkat, PM1 to Jurkat, PBMCs to Jurkat) is inhibited by IFITM2 and this inhibition appears to be regulated by the IFITM protein C terminus, is IFITM-species specific and virus-strain specific	PubMed
Knockdown of IFITM1/2/3 by siRNA enhances virus transmission to target cells and the production of virions in CD4+ T cells	PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	HIV-1 gp120 interacts with IFITM2	PubMed
	env	HIV-1 Env processing from gp160 to gp120/41 is inhibited by IFITM2	PubMed
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	env	HIV-1 gp160 interacts with IFITM2	PubMed
	env	IFITM2/3 proteins are co-localize with HIV-1 Env in the cell interior, while surface-associated IFITM2/3 proteins are present at virus budding sites containing HIV-1 Gag and Env proteins in CD4+ T cells	PubMed
Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41	env	HIV-1 gp120 interacts with IFITM2	PubMed
	env	HIV-1 Env processing from gp160 to gp120/41 is inhibited by IFITM2	PubMed
Nef	nef	IFITM2 significantly downregulates the expression of HIV-1 Nef by interfering with Tat/TAR-mediated expression	PubMed
Pr55(Gag)	gag	IFITM1, IFITM2, and IFITM3 proteins (IFITMs) co-localize with HIV-1 Gag in virus-producing cells and co-assemble with Gag into budding particles	PubMed
	gag	Endogenous IFITM1/2/3 proteins are upregulated in activated CD4+ T cells and incorporated into HIV-1 Gag/p24-associated virions during infection	PubMed
	gag	IFITM2/3 proteins are co-localize with HIV-1 Env in the cell interior, while surface-associated IFITM2/3 proteins are present at virus budding sites containing HIV-1 Gag and Env proteins in CD4+ T cells	PubMed
	gag	IFITM2 significantly downregulates the expression of HIV-1 Gag and CA by interfering with both Rev/RRE- and Tat/TAR-mediated expression	PubMed
Vif	vif	IFITM2 significantly downregulates the expression of HIV-1 Vif by interfering with both Rev/RRE- and Tat/TAR-mediated expression	PubMed
Vpr	vpr	HIV-1 Vpr upregulates the expression of IFITM1 in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells	PubMed
	vpr	IFITM1, 2 or 3 marginally inhibit the entry of HIV-1 NL4-3 and SIV Mac into TZM-bl by measuring the cleavage of CCF2 by BlaM-Vpr that enters the cytoplasm together with viral cores	PubMed
capsid	gag	IFITM1, IFITM2, and IFITM3 proteins (IFITMs) co-localize with HIV-1 CA in velocity gradients, indicating that IFITMs are virion-associated proteins	PubMed
	gag	Endogenous IFITM1/2/3 proteins are upregulated in activated CD4+ T cells and incorporated into HIV-1 Gag/p24-associated virions during infection	PubMed
	gag	IFITM2 significantly downregulates the expression of HIV-1 Gag and CA by interfering with both Rev/RRE- and Tat/TAR-mediated expression	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

SGC31615 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:18300

RH17821 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:71881

Homology

Homologs of the IFITM2 gene: The IFITM2 gene is conserved in chimpanzee, Rhesus monkey, mouse, and rat.
Orthologs from Annotation Pipeline: 3 organisms have orthologs with human gene IFITM2
Orthologs

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
defense response to virus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
immune response	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
negative regulation of viral entry into host cell	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
negative regulation of viral entry into host cell	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
negative regulation of viral genome replication	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
negative regulation of viral genome replication	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
response to interferon-alpha	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
response to interferon-alpha	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
response to interferon-beta	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
response to interferon-beta	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
response to interferon-gamma	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
response to interferon-gamma	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
response to virus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
type I interferon signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
type I interferon signaling pathway	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
integral component of membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
protein-containing complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: interferon-induced transmembrane protein 2

Names: dispanin subfamily A member 2c; interferon-inducible protein 1-8D

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.