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PSME3 proteasome activator subunit 3 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 10197, updated on 1-Oct-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
PSME3provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
proteasome activator subunit 3provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9570
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000131467 MIM:605129; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9570
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
Ki; PA28G; HEL-S-283; PA28gamma; REG-GAMMA; PA28-gamma
Summary
The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. The immunoproteasome contains an alternate regulator, referred to as the 11S regulator or PA28, that replaces the 19S regulator. Three subunits (alpha, beta and gamma) of the 11S regulator have been identified. This gene encodes the gamma subunit of the 11S regulator. Six gamma subunits combine to form a homohexameric ring. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in esophagus (RPKM 20.0), urinary bladder (RPKM 19.8) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See PSME3 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
17q21.31
Exon count:
12
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 17 NC_000017.11 (42833397..42843760)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 17 NC_060941.1 (43690536..43700899)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 17 NC_000017.10 (40985414..40995777)

Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene cyclin N-terminal domain containing 1 Neighboring gene beclin 1 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr17:40969798-40970997 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8548 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:40975527-40976093 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:40976094-40976661 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:40976662-40977228 Neighboring gene microRNA 6781 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 12227 Neighboring gene amine oxidase copper containing 2 Neighboring gene amine oxidase copper containing 3

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

HIV-1 interactions

Replication interactions

Interaction Pubs
Knockdown of proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 3 (PA28 gamma; Ki; PSME3) by shRNA library screening inhibits HIV-1 replication in cultured Jurkat T-cells PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat slightly enhances the activity of the purified 26 S proteasome PubMed
tat Amino acids Lys51, Arg52, and Asp67 of HIV-1 Tat represent the proteasome binding site of Tat, and Tat amino acids 37-72 are necessary for proteasomal interaction and suppression of 11 S regulator-mediated antigen presentation PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat inhibits the peptidase activity of the 20 S proteasome and interferes with the formation of the 20 S proteasome-11 S regulator complex PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat binds to the alpha2, alpha4, alpha6, alpha7, beta1, beta2, beta3, beta5, beta6, beta7, LMP7/beta5i, and MECL1/beta2i subunits of the proteasome 20 S core structure and can inhibit cellular proteasome function PubMed
Vif vif HIV-1 Vif is identified to have a physical interaction with proteasome activator subunit 3 (PSME3; PA28gamma) in human HEK293 and/or Jurkat cell lines by using affinity tagging and purification mass spectrometry analyses PubMed
vif HIV-1 Vif binds to the cellular cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G and targets it for degradation through an interaction with the proteasome, thereby inhibiting APOBEC3G mediated restriction of HIV-1 replication PubMed
integrase gag-pol Proteasomal degradation of HIV-1 integrase in mammalian cells occurs by the N-end rule pathway PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables endopeptidase activator activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables endopeptidase activator activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables p53 binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in membrane HDA PubMed 
is_active_in nucleoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in nucleus HDA PubMed 
part_of proteasome activator complex IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
part_of proteasome complex TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 

General protein information

Preferred Names
proteasome activator complex subunit 3
Names
11S regulator complex gamma subunit
11S regulator complex subunit gamma
Ki antigen
Ki nuclear autoantigen
REG gamma-3
activator of multicatalytic protease subunit 3
epididymis secretory protein Li 283
proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 3 (PA28 gamma; Ki)
proteasome activator 28 subunit gamma
proteasome activator 28-gamma

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001267045.2NP_001253974.1  proteasome activator complex subunit 3 isoform 3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001253974.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, and initiates translation at an alternate start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (3) has a distinct N-terminus and is longer than isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC016889, AI304773, BI464061, BX640801
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS59290.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6FHK7
    Related
    ENSP00000409487.2, ENST00000441946.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam02251
    Location:2580
    PA28_alpha; Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit
    pfam02252
    Location:120262
    PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit
  2. NM_001330229.2NP_001317158.1  proteasome activator complex subunit 3 isoform 4

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC016889, CX866774
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS82133.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3KQ25
    Related
    ENSP00000441682.1, ENST00000545225.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam02252
    Location:48190
    PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit
  3. NM_005789.4NP_005780.2  proteasome activator complex subunit 3 isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005780.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the predominant isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC016889, AI304773, BC001423, BI464061
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS45689.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K9A3, O35563, P61289, P97373, Q12920, Q13172, Q9BQD9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6FHK7, V9HWJ8
    Related
    ENSP00000466794.1, ENST00000590720.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam02251
    Location:969
    PA28_alpha; Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit
    pfam02252
    Location:109251
    PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit
  4. NM_176863.3NP_789839.1  proteasome activator complex subunit 3 isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_789839.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2), uses ans alternate in-frame splice site, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is longer than isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC016889, AI304773, U11292
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11442.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6FHK7
    Related
    ENSP00000293362.1, ENST00000293362.7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam02251
    Location:1268
    PA28_alpha; Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit
    pfam02252
    Location:108265
    PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit

RNA

  1. NR_049772.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks an internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC016889, AI304773, AK303211, BI464061

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000017.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    42833397..42843760
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047435096.1XP_047291052.1  proteasome activator complex subunit 3 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6FHK7

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060941.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    43690536..43700899
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054314668.1XP_054170643.1  proteasome activator complex subunit 3 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6FHK7