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Mittal RK. Motor Function of the Pharynx, Esophagus, and its Sphincters. San Rafael (CA): Morgan & Claypool Life Sciences; 2011.
Major players in the peristalsis, as outlined in the previous paragraphs, are supramedullary (cortex), central program generator (NTS) and dorsomotor nucleus of the vagus nerve in the brain stem, vagus nerve, myenteric plexus with inhibitory and excitatory neurons, along with the skeletal and smooth muscles of the esophagus. In the esophagus, there are two major elements of peristaltic reflex, circular and longitudinal muscle layers both of which contract behind the bolus and relax in front of the bolus [128] (Figure 15). A recent study suggests that even the relaxed segment located just caudal to the contracted segment traverses in a peristaltic fashion along the length of the esophagus. Peristalsis of the contracted segment has been explained on the basis of central and peripheral mechanism.
- Neural and Myogenic Mechanism of Peristalsis - Motor Function of the Pharynx, Es...Neural and Myogenic Mechanism of Peristalsis - Motor Function of the Pharynx, Esophagus, and its Sphincters
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