Flexibility of associative encoding in basolateral amygdala depends on input from orbitofrontal cortex. Population response of cue-selective neurons in basolateral amygdala in rats with ipsilateral lesions of orbitofrontal cortex. Average activity per neuron is shown, synchronized to odor onset, during and after reversal. Inset scatter plot compares the cue-selectivity indices before (y axis) and after (x axis) reversal for all the cue-selective neurons used to construct the population histograms. Blue and red symbols show data for “Odor 1 Selective” neurons and “Odor 2 Selective” neurons, respectively. Unlike the populations recorded in intact rats, illustrated in , the population response recorded in orbitofrontal-lesioned rats did not reverse cue-selectivity, and the cue-selectivity indices showed no correlation. (Adapted from Neuron, 46, Saddoris, M.P., Gallagher, and M., Schoenbaum, G. Rapid associative encoding in basolateral amygdala depends on connections with orbitofrontal cortex. 321–31. Copyright 2005. With permission from Elsevier.)