| Response | Dose | References |
|---|---|---|
| In Vitro | ||
| Mutation in S. typhimurium | TOa | Jayaprakasha et al. 2002 |
| NO and PGE2 production in rat microglial cells | 0.1–1.0 μM C. comosa b | Thampithak et al. 2009 |
| Influenza, PI, RS, AD virus inhibition | TOa | Huang et al. 2007 |
| Multiplication of dermatophytes | 1:40–1:320 TOa | Apisariyakul, Vanittanakom, and Buddhasukh 1995 |
| In Vivo | ||
| Disaccharidases levelc | 10% spent turmeric in diet | Kumar, Shetty, and Salimath 2005 |
| Sulfation of glycoconjugates levelc | 10% spent turmeric in diet | Kumar, Vijayalakshmi, and Salimath 2006 |
| Blood glucose, abdominal fat leveld | 0.5%–2.0% turmeric oleoresin in diet | Honda et al. 2006 |
| Total sugar content and uronic acid levelc | 10% spent turmeric in diet | Vijayalakshmi, Kumar, and Salimath 2009 |
| LPO, GSH, free-radicals leveld | 200 mg/kg C. comosa orally | Jariyawat et al. 2009 |
| Repellency of mosquito | 0.1 mL/3 × 10 cm TO topically | Tawatsin et al. 2001 |
| Neuronal cell death of rat brain | 500 mg/kg TO, i.p | Rathore et al. 2008 |
| Human Studies | ||
| Micronuclei in oral mucosal cells and lymphocytes | Turmeric oleoresin and TO (600 mg/day) | Hastak et al. 1997 |
| OSF | 0.6 mL of TO three times/day for 1 month | Joshi et al. 2003 |
| Sputum | Volatile oil | Li et al. 1998 |
TO = turmeric oil; PI = parainfluenza; RS = Rous sarcoma; AD = adenovirus; LPO = lipid peroxidation.
a Not defined.
b Hexane extract.
c Rat.
d Mice.
From: Chapter 13, Turmeric, the Golden Spice
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