Structured Abstract

Contents

• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Executive Summary
• Introduction
  • Key Questions
• Methods
  • AHRQ Task Order Officer
  • External Expert Input
  • Key Questions
  • Analytic Framework
  • Literature Searches
  • Study Selection and Eligibility Criteria
  • Data Extraction and Summaries
  • Quality Assessment
  • Data Synthesis and Presentation
  • Summary Tables
  • Grading the Body of Evidence for Key Question 4
  • Peer Review and Public Commentary
• Results
  • Key Question 1 How have the patient population and the natural history of prostate cancer diagnosed in the United States changed in the last 30 years?
  • Key Question 2 How are active surveillance and other observational management strategies defined?
  • Key Question 3 What factors affect the offer of, acceptance of, and adherence to active surveillance?
  • Key Question 4 What are the comparative short- and long-term outcomes of active surveillance versus immediate treatment with curative intent for localized prostate cancer?
  • Key Question 5 What are the research needs regarding active surveillance (or watchful waiting) in localized prostate cancer?
• Discussion
• References
• Abbreviations and Acronyms
• Appendixes
  • Appendix A Search Strategies
  • Appendix B Ongoing Randomized Studies Comparing Observational Management Strategies With Active Treatment Strategies for the Treatment of Clinically Localized Disease
  • Appendix C Appendix Tables for Key Questions 1–4

Prepared for: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services¹, Contract No. 290-2007-10055-I, Task Order No. 10, Prepared by: Tufts Evidence-based Practice Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA

Suggested citation:

Ip S, Dahabreh IJ, Chung M, Yu WW, Balk EM, Iovin RC, Mathew P, Luongo T, Dvorak T, Lau J. An Evidence Review of Active Surveillance in Men With Localized Prostate Cancer. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 204. (Prepared by Tufts Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. HHSA 290-2007-10055-I.) AHRQ Publication No. 12-E003-EF. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. December 2011. Available at: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/reports/final.cfm.

This report is based on research conducted by the Tufts Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC) under contract to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Rockville, MD (Contract No. HHSA 290-2007-10055-I). The findings and conclusions in this document are those of the author(s), who are responsible for its contents; the findings and conclusions do not necessarily represent the views of AHRQ. Therefore, no statement in this report should be construed as an official position of AHRQ or of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

The information in this report is intended to help health care researchers and funders of research make well-informed decisions in designing and funding research and thereby improve the quality of health care services. This report is not intended to be a substitute for the application of scientific judgment. Anyone who makes decisions concerning the provision of clinical care should consider this report in the same way as any medical research and in conjunction with all other pertinent information, i.e., in the context of available resources and circumstances.

This report may be used, in whole or in part, as the basis for research design or funding opportunity announcements. AHRQ or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services endorsement of such derivative products or actions may not be stated or implied.

None of the investigators has any affiliations or financial involvement that conflicts with the material presented in this report.

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