Table IIILung cancer: Macroscopic and microscopic pathological classifications

pTNM (pathological classification)
pT
pN
pM
Note: These categories correspond to the T, N and M categories
G (histopathological grading)
Gx:grade cannot be assessed
G1:well differentiated
G2:moderately differentiated
G3:poorly differentiated
G4:undifferentiated
R (residual tumor)
Rx:presence of residual tumor cannot be assessed
R0:no residual tumor
R1:microscopic residual tumor
R2:macroscopic residual tumor
L (lymphatic invasion)
Lx:lymphatic invasion cannot be assessed
L0:no lymphatic invasion
L1:microscopic lymphatic invasion
L2:macroscopic lymphatic invasion
V (venous invasion)
Vx:venous invasion cannot be assessed
V0:no venous invasion
V1:microscopic venous invasion
V2:macroscopic venous invasion

From: Carcinoma of the lung

Cover of Surgical Treatment
Surgical Treatment: Evidence-Based and Problem-Oriented.
Holzheimer RG, Mannick JA, editors.
Munich: Zuckschwerdt; 2001.
Copyright © 2001, W. Zuckschwerdt Verlag GmbH.

NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.